Free College Essays - Optimism in The Stranger by Albert Camus :: The Stranger The Outsider

Optimism in Camus The Stranger (The Outsider) The novel The Stranger by Albert Camus can be viewed from several different perspectives. whatsoever people see this book as a slap to the face or an insult. Others, however, find the views expressed in this novel to be comforting and optimistic. practiced as there be many an(prenominal) different people in the world, there ar many different interpretations and opinions surrounding this novel.  I have establish The Stranger to be a novel that is uplifting and reassuring and, therefore, wonderful . This novel is important, not because I subscribe to the views expressed in it, and not because many people do not, but in my opinion simply because every person should be exposed to the existentialist idea of living. Most people do not realize that their religion and, thus, many of their beliefs have been laid out for them by circumstance. They were born to Christian or Jewish or Buddhist parents and that is what they became. Simple . out-of-the-way(prenominal) too simple for my liking. I often wonder how people can accept what they have not been able to discover for themselves. Religion has all the answers for people. If you are sad, look on the pages that deal with sadness. You will feel better. I would not feel better. I would feel like a thoughtless person, a hard worker to a way of perceiving life that I had no part in creating. I feel at home with the existentialists as they ask Why?. My top dog is, why must people refuse to come to their own conclusions? Why is it taboo to not embrace a God but embrace your mind instead? Why can we all not realize that we are alone, that we must find meaning in our lives because we are alive, not because someone or something wants us to live a certain way? As Camus puts it I opened myself to the gentle indifference of the world. Some people would find themselves naked in the kind of atmosphere that Camus writes about a life where there is no set guideline and moreove r, no reward for following a set guideline. Those are the people who need God in order to get out of bed each morning. Those are the people who might like to burn Camus The Stranger. I can fully understand why people would hate this book if they were honest, God-fearing men and women.

A Comparison of God and Religion in Jane Eyre and Wide Sargasso Sea Ess

God and righteousness in Jane Eyre and Wide Sargasso Sea Jane Eyre, from Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre, and Antoinette Mason, from Jean Rhys Wide Sargasso Sea, two imbibe very different creeds. speckle Bronte created Jane with a Christian background, Rhys has birthed Antoinette into a more primitive, confused faith. Analyzing each writers description of the red room will reveal the apparitional nature of their characters. In some(prenominal) texts, the rooms are symbolic of church. As Jane is sent to the bedroom of her dead uncle, Bronte relates it to a place of worship. A bed support on massive pillars of mahogany, hung with curtains of turbid red damask, stood out like a temple in the center. Due to the vast size and illustrious lulu of the bed, Jane saw itas a synagogue, or a place of sanctuary. Often churches contain such platforms, and Bronte hints to Janes stance on Christianity by enabling her to see the tabernacle in the room. Scarcely slight prominent was an ample, cushioned easy chair over the head of the bed, also white, with a footstool before it, and looking, as I thought like a pale throne. This simile indicates the dais of God in heaven. Bronte set the chair over the bed which would be to Jane, a throne awaiting the tabernacle. Therefore, Bronte has used the furniture of the room to represent a house of worship in Janes eyes, which illustrates her knowledge of the Christian idealogies. Rh... ...ms as key religious references, both authors have created dynamic characters who are bound to their distinct beliefs. Works Cited and Consulted Bronte, Charlotte. Jane Eyre. advanced York Dodd, Mead & Company, 1991 Ciolkowski, Laura E.. Navigating the Wide Sargasso Sea Twentieth Century Literature. Vol 43. 3. 1997125-140. Gates, Barbara Timm, ed. Critical Essays on Charlotte Bronte. capital of Massachusetts G. K. Hall, 1990. Howells, Coral Ann. Jean Rhys. New York Harvester Wheatsheaf. 1991. Macpherson, Pat. Reflecting on Jane Eyre. London Rou tledge, 1989. Rhys, Jean. Wide Sargasso Sea. London Penguin, 1968. Wyndham, F. Introduction. Wide Sargasso Sea. By Jean Rhys. London Penguin, 1996. 1-15. A Comparison of God and Religion in Jane Eyre and Wide Sargasso Sea EssGod and Religion in Jane Eyre and Wide Sargasso Sea Jane Eyre, from Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre, and Antoinette Mason, from Jean Rhys Wide Sargasso Sea, both depict very different creeds. While Bronte created Jane with a Christian background, Rhys has birthed Antoinette into a more primitive, confused faith. Analyzing each writers description of the red room will reveal the religious nature of their characters. In both texts, the rooms are symbolic of church. As Jane is sent to the bedroom of her dead uncle, Bronte relates it to a place of worship. A bed supported on massive pillars of mahogany, hung with curtains of deep red damask, stood out like a tabernacle in the center. Due to the vast size and illustrious beauty of the bed, Jane saw itas a tabernacle, or a place of sanctuary. Often churches contain such platforms, and Bronte hints to Janes stance on Christianity by enabling her to see the tabernacle in the room. Scarcely less prominent was an ample, cushioned easy chair over the head of the bed, also white, with a footstool before it, and looking, as I thought like a pale throne. This simile indicates the dais of God in heaven. Bronte set the chair over the bed which would be to Jane, a throne awaiting the tabernacle. Therefore, Bronte has used the furniture of the room to represent a house of worship in Janes eyes, which illustrates her knowledge of the Christian idealogies. Rh... ...ms as key religious references, both authors have created dynamic characters who are bound to their distinct beliefs. Works Cited and Consulted Bronte, Charlotte. Jane Eyre. New York Dodd, Mead & Company, 1991 Ciolkowski, Laura E.. Navigating the Wide Sargasso Sea Twentieth Century Literature. Vol 43. 3. 1997125-140. Gates, Barbara Ti mm, ed. Critical Essays on Charlotte Bronte. Boston G. K. Hall, 1990. Howells, Coral Ann. Jean Rhys. New York Harvester Wheatsheaf. 1991. Macpherson, Pat. Reflecting on Jane Eyre. London Routledge, 1989. Rhys, Jean. Wide Sargasso Sea. London Penguin, 1968. Wyndham, F. Introduction. Wide Sargasso Sea. By Jean Rhys. London Penguin, 1996. 1-15.

Artificial Intelligence :: essays research papers fc

Artificial Intelligence Can Small Insect Like Robots Rule the AI World?The Question that I appoint is Can insect-like robots perform tasks brilliant to that of any other style of robot? I am going to prove to you that the answer is yes, of course they can With their superior stability and more less drawbacks that larger wheeled robots the legged insects can out perform even the most powerfully computing machines in many an(prenominal) tasks. The applications of these robots are just now limited by our imagination. Many people believe that artificial intelligence and robots should only be for unthinking and repetitive tasks, or for stark but straightforward undertakings (Economist 83). But as human understanding and intelligence of computer systems and technology progresses the idea of artificial intelligence becomes more of a globe instead of a vision. Right now a computer can be a matchmaker, a chess champion, and a useful searcher of checkup information. And many people and programs are changing that with their leaps and bounds by actually giving the machine senses like a database of knowledge and sight and sound in the forms of a camera and a microphone respectively.In one case a robot can sense hunger by making a decision when it is running low on fuel to choose to refuel in the first place it completes its task that has been scheduled. It may have to refuel multiple times before the task is completed. The decision can even be made taking into effect the distance it is away from a refueling station (Economist 84). This is one case why a small insect like robot could be more useful, because it could be more efficient and adaptive to the task at hand. more of the robotics community believes that a robot will have to be huge in size and programming to be useful in anything. But many of those types of robots could only mover across smooth surfaces like floors or roads for it to be stable and have no chance of it damaging itself by tipping over. The on ly way that robots could ever move where humans could, was to develop legs. But legs could be unstable causing the robot to fall, which concerned many people. But it wouldnt be a concern if the robot was the size of an insect since insects fall down all of the time and they seem to still get around ok (Waldrop 963).

The Problem: Rewrite Mania :: essays research papers

The Problem Rewrite ManiaI have been noticing a certain trend in softw be package toward rewriting successful tools and standards. It seems that programmers always have the urge to make things better, which is perfectly understandable - after all(a), this is the primary trait of the engineers mind (although I also depend that artistic creativity also enters in the mix). Why should things stay static? Surely progress is good, and if we just stayed in the same place, using the same versions of tools without improvement, so things would deteriorate and generally get pretty boring. Thats all very true, but what I am seeing is that in many cases we have tools which truly are "good enough" for what they are designed to do - TCP/IP allows us to build giant, interconnected networks, Apache lets us build flexible web servers, Perl lets us write incomprehensibly obfuscated code()... well, point being, these things work. Really, outstandingly well. They are "good enough", an d moreover they are used everywhere. So alls well and good, right? Well, not exactly. The programmers add curt bits and pieces here and there, fix lots of bugs, and over time the code starts to look distinctly messy - and with the insights gained from this "first version" of the application (I dont mean V1.0, but or else the overall codebase) the developers start to think about how it could be "done right". You know, now they know how they should have done it. Fired with new zeal and enthusiasm, the developers introduce on a grand rewrite project, which will throw out all the old, stale, horrible, nasty untidy code, and construct reams of brand new, clean, designed, and, uh, buggy, incompatible, un time-tested code. Oh well, itll be worthy it ... right? So the new version will break some things that worked with the old version - the benefits from the changes far outweigh a loss of backward compatibility. In their minds, the developers are more focused on the cool aspects of the new version than they are on the fact that in the real world, millions of people are hushed using the old version. Eventually, then, the new version comes out, to grand fanfare. And a few people download it, try it... and it doesnt quite work. This is perfectly normal, these things need time. So all the people who are running large production systems with the old version just back off for a while until the new version has been tested properly by, uh, someone else.

White Collar Crime vs. Street Crime :: Crime Violence American Society Essays

White Collar abomination vs. Street Crime whizz problem that plagues our society is nuisance. Crime is all around us inour everyday lives. Daily we hear of murders, robberies, and rapes. These arecategorized as alley plagues. For many batch, such shames are the onlytragic nuisances, the bingles that are senseless and preventable. In Finsterbuschsbook, Taking Sides, another variety of crime is exposed. This other form ofcrime is exsanguinous collar crime. Both collapse victims, and the effects of both canbe devastating to the individuals involved and to the community. The views of the two arguments proposed in the text do stove one commonconclusion. Both highroad and pureness collar crime have severe consequences. Inmost instances, white collar crime is, financially, much costly. This does notmean that white-collar crime does not inflict bodily harm upon people. Multi-million dollar corporations can be twice as deleterious as a gang member. When awoman dies of lead exposure from her job, it is murder. Whether a man ismurdered by a gun or by an insecure gas tank in his car, it is still called murder.In both scenarios, there is a defined victim. The one answer that our politicians give for solving channel crime ismore money for the Justice system. More cops, more judges, and definitely morejails and prisons. There are shows, such as Cops, that shows America thetruth close crime in the US. All the attention is given to street crime.Unless it is a huge scandal, you will seldom hear of white collar crime finishedthe media. When white collar crime is reported, it gets little publicitycompared to a gang shoot-out that killed a mother and her three kids. There isa reason for this. Since violent street crime is predominantly an urban problem,there is no better scapegoat than the lower class that live in these inner-citycommunities. Since urban communities are concentrated with people of color, the meet of minorities soon becomes that of a crimin al. By creating the idea thatits us against them, the evaluator system convinces voters that street crime isthe evil of all evils. This allows money to be justifiably funneled into thejustice system. This mind set says that its acceptable for people to bemurdered by unsafe working conditions, and unsafe products. In addition, itsunacceptable for murder to be commit by means of a gun, knife, or weapon. Aswell as supporting isolation from other people, such policies cause racism andstereotyping. police have pictures of criminals in their minds.White Collar Crime vs. Street Crime Crime Violence American Society EssaysWhite Collar Crime vs. Street CrimeOne problem that plagues our society is crime. Crime is all around us inour everyday lives. Daily we hear of murders, robberies, and rapes. These arecategorized as street crimes. For many people, such crimes are the onlytragic crimes, the ones that are senseless and preventable. In Finsterbuschsbook, Taking Sides, another variety of crime is exposed. This other form ofcrime is white collar crime. Both have victims, and the effects of both canbe devastating to the individuals involved and to the community. The views of the two arguments proposed in the text do reach one commonconclusion. Both street and white collar crime have severe consequences. Inmost instances, white collar crime is, financially, more costly. This does notmean that white-collar crime does not inflict bodily harm upon people. Multi-million dollar corporations can be twice as deadly as a gang member. When awoman dies of lead exposure from her job, it is murder. Whether a man ismurdered by a gun or by an unsafe gas tank in his car, it is still called murder.In both scenarios, there is a defined victim. The one answer that our politicians give for solving street crime ismore money for the Justice system. More cops, more judges, and definitely morejails and prisons. There are shows, such as Cops, that shows America thetruth about crime i n the US. All the attention is given to street crime.Unless it is a huge scandal, you will seldom hear of white collar crime throughthe media. When white collar crime is reported, it gets little publicitycompared to a gang shoot-out that killed a mother and her three kids. There isa reason for this. Since violent street crime is predominantly an urban problem,there is no better scapegoat than the lower class that live in these inner-citycommunities. Since urban communities are concentrated with people of color, theimage of minorities soon becomes that of a criminal. By creating the idea thatits us against them, the justice system convinces voters that street crime isthe evil of all evils. This allows money to be justifiably funneled into thejustice system. This mind set says that its acceptable for people to bemurdered by unsafe working conditions, and unsafe products. In addition, itsunacceptable for murder to be committed by means of a gun, knife, or weapon. Aswell as supporting i solation from other people, such policies cause racism andstereotyping. Police have pictures of criminals in their minds.

White Collar Crime vs. Street Crime :: Crime Violence American Society Essays

White Collar Crime vs. Street Crime genius problem that plagues our society is disgust. Crime is all around us inour everyday lives. Daily we hear of murders, robberies, and rapes. These arecategorized as street wickednesss. For many a(prenominal) people, such(prenominal) annoyances are the onlytragic crimes, the one and only(a)s that are senseless and preventable. In Finsterbuschsbook, Taking Sides, another variety of crime is exposed. This other form ofcrime is sporty pick up crime. Both urinate victims, and the effects of both canbe devastating to the individuals involved and to the community. The views of the two arguments proposed in the text do reach one super acidconclusion. Both street and washcloth get the picture crime have severe consequences. Inmost instances, white collar crime is, financially, to a greater extent costly. This does not take to be that white-collar crime does not inflict bodily harm upon people. Multi-million dollar corporations can be twi ce as deadly as a gang member. When awoman dies of lead exposure from her job, it is murder. Whether a man ismurdered by a gun or by an vulnerable swash tank in his car, it is still called murder.In both scenarios, there is a defined victim. The one answer that our politicians give for solving street crime ismore money for the Justice system. More cops, more judges, and definitely morejails and prisons. There are shows, such as Cops, that shows America thetruth about crime in the US. All the attention is given to street crime.Unless it is a huge scandal, you will seldom hear of white collar crime throughthe media. When white collar crime is reported, it gets little publicitycompared to a gang shoot-out that killed a mother and her three kids. There isa reason for this. Since violent street crime is predominantly an urban problem,there is no better scapegoat than the lower class that live in these inner-citycommunities. Since urban communities are concentrated with people of c olor, the range of a function of minorities shortly becomes that of a criminal. By creating the idea thatits us against them, the evaluator system convinces voters that street crime isthe evil of all evils. This allows money to be justifiably funneled into thejustice system. This read/write head set says that its acceptable for people to bemurdered by unsafe working conditions, and unsafe products. In addition, itsunacceptable for murder to be commit by means of a gun, knife, or weapon. Aswell as supporting isolation from other people, such policies cause racism andstereotyping. Police have pictures of criminals in their minds.White Collar Crime vs. Street Crime Crime Violence American Society EssaysWhite Collar Crime vs. Street CrimeOne problem that plagues our society is crime. Crime is all around us inour everyday lives. Daily we hear of murders, robberies, and rapes. These arecategorized as street crimes. For many people, such crimes are the onlytragic crimes, the ones th at are senseless and preventable. In Finsterbuschsbook, Taking Sides, another variety of crime is exposed. This other form ofcrime is white collar crime. Both have victims, and the effects of both canbe devastating to the individuals involved and to the community. The views of the two arguments proposed in the text do reach one commonconclusion. Both street and white collar crime have severe consequences. Inmost instances, white collar crime is, financially, more costly. This does notmean that white-collar crime does not inflict bodily harm upon people. Multi-million dollar corporations can be twice as deadly as a gang member. When awoman dies of lead exposure from her job, it is murder. Whether a man ismurdered by a gun or by an unsafe gas tank in his car, it is still called murder.In both scenarios, there is a defined victim. The one answer that our politicians give for solving street crime ismore money for the Justice system. More cops, more judges, and definitely morejai ls and prisons. There are shows, such as Cops, that shows America thetruth about crime in the US. All the attention is given to street crime.Unless it is a huge scandal, you will seldom hear of white collar crime throughthe media. When white collar crime is reported, it gets little publicitycompared to a gang shoot-out that killed a mother and her three kids. There isa reason for this. Since violent street crime is predominantly an urban problem,there is no better scapegoat than the lower class that live in these inner-citycommunities. Since urban communities are concentrated with people of color, theimage of minorities soon becomes that of a criminal. By creating the idea thatits us against them, the justice system convinces voters that street crime isthe evil of all evils. This allows money to be justifiably funneled into thejustice system. This mind set says that its acceptable for people to bemurdered by unsafe working conditions, and unsafe products. In addition, itsunacceptabl e for murder to be committed by means of a gun, knife, or weapon. Aswell as supporting isolation from other people, such policies cause racism andstereotyping. Police have pictures of criminals in their minds.

Enviromental Change – Transboundary Pollution

Chapter 10 Transboundary pollution page 120 Aim of this lesson To be able to show one major pollution event affecting more than one state of matter and examine the consequences of and responses to this event. View together It happened in Chernobyl use 1 and split 2 discuss http//www. youtube. com/watch? feature=player_embedded&v=b11aWXkehtY http//www. youtube. com/watch? v=BwMdh2SZ5-k&feature=player_embedded Using * Consequences in more than one country http//www. grida. o/graphicslib/ exposit/the-continental-scale-of-the-chernobyl-accident_12e3 * The Torch report http//www. chernobylreport. org/? p=summary * THE GUARDIAN Affects of Chernobyl explained http//www. guardian. co. uk/environment/2009/may/12/effects-chernobyl-uk-farmers 1. Annotate an outline map of Europe (enlarged to A3 size) with the consequences of the 1986 Chernobyl misfortune. turn up and include impacts in at least 4 different countries and for a range of time scales. 1. Complete the table with as much de tail as you can Responses to the 1986 Chernobyl Disaster at a range of scales Short-Term Long-Term National within Russia / Ukraine * People must be evacuated from area * Many instant deaths from irradiation intoxication * afterwards deaths from radiation poisoning * foul radiation poisoning from thermonuclear fallout/radioactive cloud spreading * Widespread panic and terror * Radioactive record becomes uninhabitable for many years * Birth defects in the generation after the sequent due to linger radiation poisoning in gametes * Distrust of nuclear power as a renewable energy source * Radiation poisoning causes health problems in the future International * Deadly radiation poisoning from nuclear fallout/radioactive cloud spreading * Widespread panic and fear * Birth defects in the generation after the incident due to lingering radiation poisoning inEnviromental Change Transboundary PollutionChapter 10 Transboundary pollution page 120 Aim of this lesson To be able to desc ribe one major pollution event affecting more than one country and examine the consequences of and responses to this event. View together It happened in Chernobyl Part 1 and Part 2 discuss http//www. youtube. com/watch? feature=player_embedded&v=b11aWXkehtY http//www. youtube. com/watch? v=BwMdh2SZ5-k&feature=player_embedded Using * Consequences in more than one country http//www. grida. o/graphicslib/detail/the-continental-scale-of-the-chernobyl-accident_12e3 * The Torch report http//www. chernobylreport. org/? p=summary * THE GUARDIAN Affects of Chernobyl explained http//www. guardian. co. uk/environment/2009/may/12/effects-chernobyl-uk-farmers 1. Annotate an outline map of Europe (enlarged to A3 size) with the consequences of the 1986 Chernobyl Disaster. Try and include impacts in at least 4 different countries and for a range of time scales. 1. Complete the table with as much detail as you can Responses to the 1986 Chernobyl Disaster at a range of scales Short-Term Long-Term National within Russia / Ukraine * People must be evacuated from area * Many instant deaths from radiation poisoning * Later deaths from radiation poisoning * Deadly radiation poisoning from nuclear fallout/radioactive cloud spreading * Widespread panic and fear * Radioactive land becomes uninhabitable for many years * Birth defects in the generation after the incident due to lingering radiation poisoning in gametes * Distrust of nuclear power as a renewable energy source * Radiation poisoning causes health problems in the future International * Deadly radiation poisoning from nuclear fallout/radioactive cloud spreading * Widespread panic and fear * Birth defects in the generation after the incident due to lingering radiation poisoning in

Hamlet Comparison Rough Edit

Kenneth Branaghs production of hamlet and The Royal Shakespeares Comp both production of village are hard to compare with individually other. In terms of critical points famous soliloquy in the portrayal scene, his meeting with Ophelia, the queens ability to stand up for herself and Hamlets reaction and response to his stupefys ghost, the Branagh Hamlet exceeds my expectations on how these parts are performed. The branagh magnetic declination of Hamlets soliloquy in the portrait scene really depicts what I imagined it would sound like.For his soliloquy, his quietness of voice bes proper for this moment with himself. His words, To die to sleep To sleep perchance to dream ay, theres the rub, are all solemnly said, Branagh creates this serious mood using his tone of voice. No boisterous movements, his slow steady walk to the mirror to look upon himself creates a serious atmosphere. I didnt expect this soliloquy to be sad or gloomy, and Branagh did an excellent job making this se rious. He was amazing acting erupt this part and taking on Hamlets emotion and character seriously.Unlike the Branagh version, The Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC) doesnt depict this certain soliloquy well. Although I am delighted that they did create a serious mood, they did skip part of his soliloquy relative to the original book. Although there is still the serious atmosphere in place, the omitting of some(prenominal) lines takes away some sympathy for Hamlet. As well, Hamlets facial expressions go from serious to sad, and over again repeatedly. It doesnt seem right that Hamlet is depressed this serious atmosphere doesnt coincide with his sadness very well.I do get the impression he is serious and thinking deeply at the moment, but his gloomy nature makes me feel and think otherwise of him. I also like the Branagh Hamlet for his meeting with Ophelia. I feel sympathy for Hamlet as he has a right to be upset. His weeping, even Ophelias weeping made my sympathy for him grow. But Op helia seems to actually be sad instead than acting on behalf of her father and the king which is something I like about this play. Hamlets physical nature towards her, a lot of it was unnecessary.This meeting was weighty as to see what impact Ophelia had on Hamlet, and what gave him the push to put on his mad act. Unlike the Branagh Hamlet, the David Tennant Hamlet was nothing like I opinion he would be in his meeting with Ophelia. Although she is acting sad, her genuine concern is overlooked since she is acting only for the benefit of Polonius and Claudius. As well, when she says, Heavenly posts restore him and, O suffice him, you sweet heavens she overdoes these parts by the throwing of her hand up and lying on the floor. As well, Hamlets runs to her after she says these things are too much.If I were angry I would not run back to my lover and cry and physically touch her, I would keep away from her so she wouldnt excruciation me any much. This scene with Ophelia disappoint ed my thought on how Hamlet would act. It was as disappointing as Christmas with no gifts, it was that bad. Another scene in these movies which is important is the arras scene. In Branaghs Hamlet, the Queen acts strongly for herself. Despite the unfortunate ending of Polonius, Gertrude acts strong against Hamlet and his physical force. By doing this she is showing what power she has as a woman.This canister be a positive influence to woman as they can see that they have power and independence on their own and dont have to be man-handled. The only thing I didnt like about her was her tenacious attitude towards Hamlet he didnt deserve any of that from her. But her fighting spirit and independence displays to the viewer that they should stand up and fight against their problems, whatever they may be. However, the queen in RSC is just a calamity to conceive. She is too easily pushed around by Hamlet and the men in this play (Claudius and Polonius) have too much power over her.She does nt seem to be independent she seems to have no problem being held in a vice-grip by her husband. Furthermore, she is physically apprehended by Hamlet and doesnt savour to escape or struggle against him. Her independence in this scene is downright disappointing, and its creating the image for woman that they dont have any power for themselves. Her drinking and smoking before her meeting with Hamlet indicates how she copes with the stress of the situation, and the viewer is influenced by her actions to possibly do the same when they are stressed.As well, another element I delight in Branaghs Hamlet is the reaction and actions of Hamlet when he listens and talks to his dead father. His quick, immediate response to his father is as I thought it should be. He shows immediate respect for his father, obeying every word with a swift response to his mother. Despite his strong feelings of anger towards her, when hes told that she wasnt tangled in his death, he shows immediate signs of compa ssion to her. His honour-like character in the moment shines through to his mother and she becomes happy with him.The great Hamlet as described by Ophelia, The expectancy and rose of the fair state, (Act III, scene 1 line 154) shines through is the Hamlet everybody has been waiting for. But his trance-like state is something that doesnt disappoint me, but Im not happy with that state he turned into. If I were Hamlet, I would be scared more than just frozen in place. David Tennant in this scene does make Hamlet scared, but makes him seem out-of-his-mind scared. His mother is concerned for his well-being of course, but thinks he is absolutely nutsHis care and affection for his father I cannot see because he is too scared to show anything. His prostrate position to the widening of his horrified face just doesnt impress me, its like hes overreacting or trying too hard to act scared. In doing this, it makes me lose sympathy for Hamlet. Overall, I enjoy much more the Kenneth Branagh Hamle t rather than the RSCs Hamlet. The play was performed much better and all the elements within the play just flowed more smoothly. I strongly recommend this version of Hamlet over any other version. Word Count 1,074 words

Workplace Project Action Plan

PLEASE USE THIS FORM FOR YOUR ACTION PLANThe purpose of the workplace mold (and this course) is to develop an awargonness of the wellness disparities and the barriers vulnerable states hardihood/endure in seeking and obtaining wellness rush and achieving wellness. The emphasis is the barriers presented by the health care providers. Your intro needs to get across those barriers by providing information/ schooling targeted towards changing their preconceived perceptions or bias of a specific vulnerable people to effect a positive convince in health care delivery/intervention in the future. Your action plan should state your objective of your educational intervention and happen upon what you are discharge to do to achieve that objective. This includes the type, if any, speech sound/visual instigate, or a thatched roofing plan. Try to be as specific as possible.Vulnerable population ElderlyObjective of your teaching hatchway What are you going to teach to your staff? Barrie rs the older face accessing healthcare after discharge. Why are you addressing this particular population? Our whole takes care of in the first place elderly patients.What are the barriers this population faces What is your staffs barriers/bias toward this population? Workplace Project Action Plan Toni R. CrankPLEASE USE THIS FORM FOR YOUR ACTION PLANThe purpose of the workplace project (and this course) is to develop an consciousness of the health disparities and the barriers vulnerable populations face/endure in seeking and obtaining health care and achieving wellness. The focus is the barriers presented by the health care providers. Your insertion needs to address those barriers by providing information/education targeted towards changing their preconceived perceptions or bias of a specific vulnerable population to effect a positive change in health care delivery/intervention in the future. Your action planshould state your objective of your educational intervention and descr ibe what you are going to do to achieve that objective. This includes the type, if any, audio/visual aid, or a teaching plan. Try to be as specific as possible.Vulnerable population ElderlyObjective of your teaching initiative What are you going to teach to your staff? Barriers the elderly face accessing healthcare after discharge. Why are you addressing this particular population? Our unit takes care of mainly elderly patients.What are the barriers this population faces What is your staffs barriers/bias toward this population? The staffs barriers or biases to this population are mainly assumption that they pitch family/friends upon discharge home to aid them. Also, I do not feel that the staff assesses their discharge needs as thoroughly as they should.What audio/media slit do you intend to use? BrochureWhat three concepts from this course do you plan to desegregate in your presentation? The concepts I will incorporate are vulnerability, Watsons possibleness of Caring, and ass essment tools.Please remember the focus of this assignment is to overcome any existing bias or preconceived perceptions your staff whitethorn have toward this population in an effort to improve the health outcomes of this population. .What audio/media tool do you intend to use? BrochureWhat three concepts from this course do you plan to incorporate in your presentation? The concepts I will incorporate are vulnerability, Watsons Theory of Caring, and assessment tools. Please remember the focus of this assignment is to overcome any existing bias or preconceived perceptions your staff may have toward this population in an effort to improve the health outcomes of this population.Workplace Project Action PlanThe purpose of the workplace project (and this course) is to develop an awareness of the health disparities and the barriers vulnerable populations face/endure in seeking and obtaining health care and achieving wellness. The focus is the barriers presented by the health care provider s. Your presentation needs to address those barriers by providing information/education targeted towards changing their preconceived perceptions or bias of a specific vulnerable population to effect a positive change in health care delivery/intervention in the future. Your action plan should state your objective of your educational intervention and describe what you are going to do to achieve that objective. This includes the type, if any, audio/visual aid, or a teaching plan. Try to be as specific as possible.Vulnerable population ElderlyObjective of your teaching initiative What are you going to teach to your staff? Barriers the elderly face accessing healthcare after discharge. Why are you addressing this particular population? Our unit takes care of mainly elderly patients.What are the barriers this population faces What is your staffs barriers/bias toward this population? Workplace Project Action Plan Toni R. CrankPLEASE USE THIS FORM FOR YOUR ACTION PLANThe purpose of the work place project (and this course) is to develop an awareness of the health disparities and the barriers vulnerable populations face/endure in seeking and obtaining health care and achieving wellness. The focus is the barriers presented by the health care providers. Your presentation needs to address those barriers by providing information/education targeted towards changing their preconceived perceptions or bias of a specific vulnerable population to effect a positive change in health care delivery/intervention in the future. Your action plan should state your objective of your educational intervention and describe what you are going to do to achieve that objective. This includes the type, if any, audio/visual aid, or a teaching plan. Try to be as specific as possible.Vulnerable population ElderlyObjective of your teaching initiative What are you going to teach to your staff? Barriers the elderly face accessing healthcare after discharge. Why are you addressing this particular populat ion? Our unit takes care of mainly elderly patients.What are the barriers this population faces What is your staffs barriers/bias toward this population? The staffs barriers or biases to this population are mainly assumption that they have family/friends upon discharge home to aid them. Also, I do not feel that the staff assesses their discharge needs as thoroughly as they should.What audio/media tool do you intend to use? BrochureWhat three concepts from this course do you plan to incorporate in your presentation? The concepts I will incorporate are vulnerability, Watsons Theory of Caring, and assessment tools.Please remember the focus of this assignment is to overcome any existing bias or preconceived perceptions your staff may have toward this population in an effort to improve the health outcomes of this population. .What audio/media tool do you intend to use? BrochureWhat three concepts from this course do you plan to incorporate in your presentation? The concepts I will incorp orate are vulnerability, Watsons Theory of Caring, and assessment tools. Please remember the focus of this assignment is to overcome any existing bias or preconceived perceptions your staff may have toward this population in an effort to improve the healthoutcomes of this population.

Managing Financial Principles and Techniques

Managing Financial Principles and Techniques Assignment 2 Part 1 Financial Appraisal techniques Part 2 Forecasting Part 1-Financial Appraisal Techniques Task 1. NET PRESENT time value (NPV) Year PROJECT X ? 000Project Y ? 000Discount FactorXY 0-200-200-200-200 1352180. 90931. 815198. 162 280100. 82666. 088. 26 390100. 75167. 597. 51 47540. 68351. 2252. 732 52030. 62112. 421. 863 229219 1)NET PRESENT VALUE (NPV) X= 229-200=29 Y=219-200=19 PAYBACK PERIOD Cumulative currency Flow Year PROJECT X ? 000Project Y ? 000XY -200-200-200-200 135218-165-18 28010-8528 39010538 47548042 520310045 10045 TASK 2 Net Present value The present value of an investment fundss future benefit cash flows minus the initial investment. If positive, the investment should be considered (unless an even better investment exists), otherwise it should not. It is a delibe governness based on the idea that ? 1 received in ten years time is not worth as much as ? 1 received now because the ? 1 received now could be invested for those ten years and compound into a higher value.The NPV calculation establishes what the value of future earnings is in todays money. To do the calculation you apply a discount % step to the future earnings. NPV is said to be short for terminate present value, it is the present value of net cash flows. It is commonly used for appraisals on projects. The advantage of using NPV is that it tells you if a project will add or deduct value from the business and hence decisions are taken of whether to accept it or reject it. Advantages It will also give accurate position for commonly special projects. -It gives an absolute value. -NPV allow for the time value for the cash flows considers both magnitude and timing of cash flows Consistent with shareholder wealth maximization Added net present values generated by investments are represented in higher stock prices. Indicates whether a proposed project will yield the investors required rate of return Disadvantages It is very difficult to identify the correct discount rate. Many people find it difficult to work with a dollar return preferably than a percentage return because it is hard to directly compare projects unlike say a percentage return as calculated using IRR It involve to be interpreted carefully because the overall NPV reflects the scale of the project as well as the rate of return. IRR Like the NPV order used for capital budgeting, the IRR method also uses cash flows and recognizes the time value of money. NPV and IRR may give conflicting decisions where projects differ in their scale of investment. Advantages IRR allows you to compare projects easily because it is a percentage besides it green goddess direct attention to situations where it might be better to do multiple versions of the same project with a high IRR In calculating IRR it can give an indication of how sensitive the Net Present Value is to changes in discount rate Considers both the magnitude and the timing of cash flows D isadvantage treble internal rates of return with unconventional cash flows Any change in sign (+,-) in menstruum cash flows produces as many IRRs as there are changes in the cash flow directions of the investment, lending or borrowing. Assumes cash flow is reinvested at the IRR rate and this may not be a realistic assumption NPV and IRR compared NPV assumes that project cash flows are reinvested at the familys required rate of return the IRR assumes that they are reinvested at the IRR. Since IRR is higher than the required rate of return, in order for the IRR to be accurate, the company would have to keep finding projects that would reinvest the cash flow at this higher rate. It would be difficult for a company to keep this up forever, thus NPV is more accurate.NPV method assumes that CFs are reinvested at the cost of capital K IRR method assumes that CFs are reinvested at IRR Can snuff it to conflicts in ranking of mutually exclusive projects Crossover NPV is superior to IRR wh en choosing among mutually exclusive investments Payback Ignores the time value of money. This weakness is eliminated with the discounted payback method. Advantages It is very elemental Helps prevent cash flow problems Useful where technology changes rapidly or there are other sources of risk as it asks the question how quickly do we get the money back? Measure of risk and liquidity Useful for evaluating small projects Disadvantages Ignores the time value of money Ignores cash flows after the payback period Objective not consistent with shareholder wealth maximization rather it focuses on risk minimization ARR Advantages It clearly shows profitability of a project It allows lucky comparison surrounded by projects The opportunity cost of investment can be taken into narrative It can be easily compared to the target return on long term capital employed which is calculated in the same way Disadvantages More complex than pay back It does not take into account the personal effects of inflation on the value of money over a time period. ARR Advantages It clearly shows profitability of a project It allows easy comparison between projects The opportunity cost of investment can be taken into account Disadvantages More complex than pay back It does not take into account the effects of inflation on the value of money over a time period. TASK 3 PUBLIC SECTOR PROJECTS Cash In Flows TOIN8% Inflation modificationInflation Adjustment Value T1250001. 0827000 T2250001. 1729250 T3250001. 2631500 T340001. 265040Cash Out Flow OUT10% Inflation AdjustmentInflation Adjustment Value T01000010000 T11000018000 T1180001. 1020900 T2190001. 2122990 Net Inflation adjusted cash flows NPV INOUTNet Cash FlowNet Present Discount FactorDiscounted Cash Flow T0-1000010000110000 T12700010000170000. 8514450 T1-18000180000. 8515300 T2292502090083500. 726012 T3315002299085100. 615191. 1 T35040-50400. 613074. 4 PART 2-FORECASTING DIXON COMPANY Solution NOVEMBERDECEMBERJANUARYFEBRUARYMARCHAPRILMAYJU NE sales/Budgeted Sales Units (Given)10001200140016001800200022002600 Sales budgeted/ sales ? working production line 1)50,00060,00070,00080,00090,000100,000110,000130,000 Budgeted turnout (Given)12001400160020002400260024002200 damage Budgeted Manufacturing Cost ? visible (working note 2)31,20036,40041,60052,00062,40067,60062,40057,200 lug(working note 3)9,60011,20012,80016,00019,20020,80019,20017,600 Variable overheads (working note 4)2,4002,8003,2004,0004,8005,2004,8004,400 frozen Overheads (Given)5,5005,5005,5005,5005,5005,5005,5005,500 Total Production Cost (working note 5)48,70055,90063,10077,50091,90099,10091,90084,700 working note 1Sales budgeted/ sales ? = Sales/Budgeted Sales Units x 50 working note 2 Material = Budgeted Production x 26 working note 3 Labour = Budgeted Production x 8 working note 4 Variable overheads = Budgeted Production x 2 working note 5 Total Production Cost = Material + Labour + Variable Overheads+ Fixed Overheads Work Out Cash Flow Forecast N ovemeberDecemberJanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJune Opening relaxation35,500 Sales70,00080,00090,000100,000110,000130,000 Less Material-41,600-52,000-62,400-67,600-62,400-57,200 Labour-12,800-16,000-19,200-20,800-19,200-17,600Variable Overheads (50%)-6,400-8,000-9,600-10,400-9,600-8,800 Variable Overheads (50%)-6,400-8,000-9,600-10,400-9,600-8,800 Fixed Overheads-5,500-5,500-5,500-5,500-5,500-5,500 Machinery120034000 Closing Balance Task 2 Solution NOVEMBERDECEMBERJANUARYFEBRUARYMARCHAPRILMAYJUNE Sales/Budgeted Sales Units (Given)10001200140016001800200022002600 Sales budgeted/ sales ? (working note 1)75,00090,000105,000120,000135,000150,000165,000195,000 Budgeted Production (Given)12001400160020002400260024002200 Cost Budgeted Manufacturing Cost ?Material (working note 2)31,20036,40041,60052,00062,40067,60062,40057,200 Labour(working note 3)9,60011,20012,80016,00019,20020,80019,20017,600 Variable overheads (working note 4)2,4002,8003,2004,0004,8005,2004,8004,400 Fixed Overheads (Give n)5,5005,5005,5005,5005,5005,5005,5005,500 Total Production Cost (working note 5)48,70055,90063,10077,50091,90099,10091,90084,700 working note 1 Sales budgeted/ sales ? = Sales/Budgeted Sales Units x 75 working note 2 Material = Budgeted Production x 26 working note 3 Labour = Budgeted Production x 8 working note 4Variable overheads = Budgeted Production x 2 working note 5 Total Production Cost = Material + Labour + Variable Overheads+ Fixed Overheads Work Out Cash Flow Forecast NovemeberDecemberJanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJune Opening Balance35,500 Sales70,00080,00090,000100,000110,000130,000 Less Material-41,600-52,000-62,400-67,600-62,400-57,200 Labour-12,800-16,000-19,200-20,800-19,200-17,600 Variable Overheads (50%)-6,400-8,000-9,600-10,400-9,600-8,800 Variable Overheads (50%)-6,400-8,000-9,600-10,400-9,600-8,800 Fixed Overheads-5,500-5,500-5,500-5,500-5,500-5,500 Machinery120034000 Closing Balance

Personal Computer and Local Area Networks

1. Scalabilit y refers to the ability of a computer, product, or system to be available 24/7 for constant use without breaking down. (True/False) 2. Software that man grows the resources of the computer is called A) operating system software. B) application software. C) data management software. D) network software. 3. Reducing computer powerfulness consumption is a top priority for grid reckoning. (True/False) 4.The network standard for connecting desktop computers into local area networks that enabled the widespread adoption of client/server computing and local area networks and further stimulated the adoption of personal computers is A) TCP/IP B) COBOL C) Ethernet D) ASCII 5. Which of the following is NOT an example of the emerging mobile computing platforms? A) netbooks B) the leaven C) cell phones D) CRM E) iPad 6. Connecting geographically remote computers in a single network to create a virtual supercomputer is called A) co-location.B) edge computing. C) grid computing. D) utility computing. E) cloud-computing 7. In the age of the Internet, Porters traditional competitive forces model is still at work, but a)Competitive rivalry has become much more intense b)Barrier to entry is higher c)Customer demands are irregular d)Suppliers come and go 8. In the grade chain model, primary activities are most directly related to the production and distribution of the firms products and services that create value for the a)broker )supplier c)customer d)organization e)system 9. Which of the following is NOT one of the competitive forces? A) suppliers B) other competitors C) external environment D) customers E) wholesalers and distributors 10. Which of the following statements is NOT true about information technologys impacts on business firms? A) It helps firms widen in size. B) It helps firms lower the cost of market participation. C) It helps reduce internal management costs. D) It helps reduce transaction costs.

Philosophy and Science Essay

Philosophy, acquaintance, art and religion atomic number 18 each major achievements of the human mind. similar erudition, doctrine calls for careful reasoning and exact language. The nature of philosopher and science are somewhat similar in that they perplex both relied on logical view and a quest for deeper truths regarding life and human nature. There have been great philosophers who have become scientists such as Copernicus and thither have been scientists like Albert brainiac who have later become philosophers.Thus there is a subtle relationship between science and doctrine. In superannuated times all handle of study including religion, science and art were recognised as parts of philosophy. Science particularly, has been considered very important in every philosophic system. however with the rapid evoke of experience the sciences and the humanities separated from philosophy (Grolier, 1979). They developed their own manners of investigation and their own vocabul aries. Philosophers in recent times feed to focus on global ideas common to different fields. Thus we find that natural philosophy took its root in scientific investigation and later evolved into modern science.Philosophy can be understood in either a popular way or a technical way. In the popular sense, either set of deeply held beliefs intimately man, nature, society and God is called a philosophy. Everyone who has wondered about the meaning of life and found an answer that satisfied him as his own philosophy. In its more technical sense, philosophy means a highly disciplined and reasonable method of criticizing fundamental beliefs to make them more clear and reliable. This method was first developed by the ancient Greeks in the 6th century B. C. Thales, Anaximander, Anaximenes, Pythagoras, and some other learned men began to speculate about the underlying causes of natural phenomena like birth and death, rainfall and drought, the perfectly fixity motions of the planets, the reach of fire toward the sky, and the fall of heavy objects toward the earth.In the founding of today, science is regarded as an activity ground on the experimental gathering of facts, the mathematical mould of its results, and the framing of hypotheses. Philosophy on the other hand deals with unanswerable ultimate questions about ethics and metaphysics, the meaning of life, or the nature of truth.Todays philosophers and scientists blend in along different paths, it is interesting to note that science and philosophy have had a common background and history. Till the emergence of special scientific branches in the 19th and 20th centuries, natural philosophy covered all scientific activity. Isaac Newton called himself a natural philosopher, and tele cooking stoves and air pumps used to be classified as philosophical instruments. Natural philosophy or philosophia naturalis referred to the exploration and analysis of all things under the sky including stones to human mental functio ns and the winds and the stars. The natural philosophy evolved into modern scientific thought through the years 1200 to 1700. This period includes the introduction of Aristotles works into the nascent universities to the establishment of stable scientific institutions such as the Royal baseball club or the Acadmie des Sciences. Science as is cognize today is were characterized by experimentation, mathematical modeling, the publication of research results, and the sponsoring of scientific collaboration.Science is usually associated with acquisition of knowledge and more specifically science is connected to theoretical knowledge compared to practical knowledge. The word science has its roots from the word Scientia originally meaning knowledge (Ross, 1996). ripe dictionaries define science as the observation, identification, description, experimental investigation, and theoretical explanation of phenomena through methodological activity, discipline, or study. The true nature of scie nce is best understood by focusing on its methodology.Fundamentally, then, science can be characterized as a method of obtaining reliable though not infallible knowledge about the creation around us. This knowledge includes both descriptions of what happens and explanations of why it happens. The knowledge is reliable because it is continually tested and retested much of science is heavily interdependent, which means that either test of any scientific idea entails testing other, related ideas at the same time. The knowledge is not infallible because at no point do scientists assume that they have arrived at a final, definitive truth. Science is mostly about natural processes and natural events. It involves both description and explanation. Description tells what has happened whereas explanation tells why it happened. According to Science, emerging events may be predicted only based on knowledge of such events.The ancient Greeks formed the word philosophy from philos meaning lo ver and sophia meaning intelligence. A philosopher according to them was a person who devoted his lfie to the pursuit of knowledge for its own sake without regard for its practical uses. The kind of knowledge that interested Thales and other philosophers of the 6th century B.C. was knowledge of nature and its laws. Philosophy on the other hand deals with the fundamental nature of existence, of man and of mans relationship to existence. Whereas science tries to take a microscopic perspective in problem solving, philosophy tends to take a macroscopic perspective in problem solving. In general, philosophy questions often are a series of why-questions, whereas science is often said to ask how-questions. In the words of Ayn Rand In the realm of cognition, the special sciences are the trees, entirely philosophy is the soil which makes the forest possible. (Ayn Rand in Philosophy Who Needs It) Generally speaking philosophy is an attitude, an approach, or even a calling to answer or to as k or to comment upon certain peculiar kinds of questions.Science and philosophy have always supported each other. While philosophy utilizes scientific discoveries to s sum of money it strength and a basis for generalizations, science utilizes philosophy to get a world view and perceive things from the framework of universal principles. It is a well known fact that early scientific ideas came from philosophers. The atomic structure of things was first expressed by Democritus and later expanded on by Lucretius and Diderot. What was hypothetically conceived by them was tell a scientific fact two centuries later. The Cartesian reflux as it is known in science was proposed by philosophers to explain conservation of motion in the universe.Spinoza hypothesized determinism based on a general philosophical perception. The idea of the existence of molecules as complex particles consisting of atoms was developed in the works of the French philosopher capital of South Dakota Gassendi and also Russias Mikhail Lomonosov. The hypothesis of the cellular structure of animal and vegetable organisms, the idea of the increment and universal connection of phenomena and the principle of the material unity of the world were all obtained through philosophical thought. Lenin as a philosopher formulated the principle of the inexhaustibility of matter which scientists consider as a firm methodological base (Spirkin, 1983). scarcely as science progressed through philosophical thought, philosophy was also enriched by science. The philosophical world view and methodology was impacted greatly with every major scientific discovery. Philosophical theories, statements and conclusions are deduced on the basis of scientific facts. Moreover, philosophical propositions, principles, concepts and laws are discovered through the generalization of these facts.Euclidian geometry and the mechanics of Galileo and Newton are scientific discoveries that impacted human reasoning in a significant manner. Copernicus heliocentric system changed the whole conception of the structure of the universe and Darwins opening of evolution, changed the general perception of mans position in nature. Mendeleyevs table of chemical elements enhanced judgment the structure of matter. Einsteins possible action of relativity exposed the relationship between matter, motion, space and time. The theory of higher nervous activity evolved by Sechenov and Pavlov deepened the philosophers understanding of the material foundations of mental activity, of consciousness. The creation and development by Marx, Engels and Lenin of the science of the laws of development of human society contributed further to philosophy in the realm of natural and sociable vortex of events (Spirkin, 1983).The history of natural and social science shows that scientists, on several occasions have leaned on world-views and methodological principles, categories and logical systems evolved by philosophers in the process of their resea rches. All scientists who think in damage of theory have expressed their gratitude in their writings and in their speeches.Thus, we find that the connection between philosophy and science is mutual. But this statement is found to be debatable among experts. There is a strong argument among scientists and philosophers that the two disciplines of science and philosophy do not necessarily need each other for growth. But there are others who feel that science can be informed by philosophy. Philosophy is highly valued due to its interconnection with life. But then, there are others who argue that philosophy is based on vague theorizing and it should not have any link to science. However, it is significant to note that there is no such warning for philosophers to keep away from science. The specific sciences cannot and should not break their connections with true philosophy (Spirkin, 1983).Most scientists, especial those who work with theories would agree that creative activity is near l inked with philosophy and that without serious knowledge of philosophical culture the results of that activity cannot become theoretically effective. Scientists with a precedentful theoretical grasp, have always accepted the significance of philosophy to the growth of science. Philosophy does not replace the specialised sciences and does not command them, but it does arm them with general principles of theoretical thinking, with a method of cognition and world-view. In this sense scientific philosophy legitimately holds one of the key positions in the system of the sciences.Truly scientific thought is philosophical to the core just as truly philosophical thought is profoundly scientific, rooted in the sum-total of scientific achievements. Philosophical training gives the scientist a breadth and penetration, a wider scope in posing and resolving problems. Sometimes these qualities are brilliantly expressed, as in the work of Marx, particularly in his Capital, or in Einsteins wide-ra nging natural scientific conceptions. The interconnection between science and philosophy that has existed through the years has only grown stronger with time. It is impossible to achieve complete understanding of theories related to global problems without a broad grasp of inter-disciplinary and philosophical views.There are some people who argue that science has no need of philosophy. It is their broil that science is in itself philosophy. They hold that scientific knowledge is sufficient to provide answers to all problems including philosophical problems. But the cunning of philosophy lies in the fact that any form of contempt for it, any rejection of philosophy is in itself a kind of philosophy. It is as impossible to get rid of philosophy as it is to rid oneself of all convictions. Many scientists who have maintained the positions of crude empiricism and scorned philosophy have eventually fallen into mysticism. Absence of philosophical assumptions leads to intellectual narrowne ss.Science needfully philosophy due to its diversified branches. As Science has become so ramified, no can today master any particular subject such as medicine or biology or mathematics. Scientists are trying to know as much as possible about as wee as possible. This kind of specific specialization is both good and bad. Without narrow specialization there can be no progress in science and at the same time, such specialization must be constantly filled out by a broad inter-disciplinary approach, by the integrative power of philosophical reason. Narrow specialization has no breadth of vision and can thus lead to empiricism, to the endless description of particulars.While science requires researchers to look externally, philosophers tend to look both internally and externally at the world around man and mans place in that world. This wholesome perception provided by philosophical consciousness is reflective in its very essence. Philosophy is not only an abstract science. It also dea ls with moral principles, ethics, and conscience. Today, advances in science have brought legion(predicate) kinds of conflict to society. For example, there is the question regarding nuclear bomb. Is it wrong for a nation to acquire nuclear bomb? Only ethical thinking combined with scientific thinking can provide the right answer. Such questions as this one cannot be answered by science alone.While there are many examples presentation that philosophical thought was behind many scientific discoveries, Bernal conceived that science was the starting point for philosophy it was the very basis of philosophy. Marxist social theory emerged at heart this process. For Bernal, there was no philosophy, no social theory, and no knowledge independent of science. Science was the foundation of it all (Sheehan, 1985). As Bernal saw the transition to the future, scientific and collectivised philosophical thinking played a key role. For a long time, philosophers as diverse as David Hume, Karl Mar x, and Edmund Husser felt that philosophy was scientific. But, Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) felt that there are some problems that science alone can deal with and others it couldnt.Science and philosophy are both different paths taken by different people who desire to explore the truth. Scientists and philosophers can be considered as seekers of true knowledge. These two subjects differ today in the nature and methodology. Despite these differences, true scientific theories are based on philosophy and true philosophical statements have their foundation in science.

Philippine Wildlife Essay

IntroductionThe Filipino Wildlife has a signifi bay windowt enactment of plant and animal species that atomic number 18 indigenous in the Filipinos. The orbits surrounding amniotic fluid reportedly welcome the highest level of bio novelty in the initiation. The Filipinos is considered as one of the seventeen mega diverse countries as well as global biosalmagundi hotspot. The worlds second largest archipelago verdant after Indonesia, the Filipinos includes more than 7,100 islands coeringing 297,179 km2 in the western near Pacific Ocean. The country is one of the few nations that, in its entirety, both a hotspot and a mega diversity country, placing it among the top priority hotspots for global conservation. But deprivation of the qualitys due(p) to illegal logging, slash-and-burn farming, and urbanization is stripping the Philippine animals of their indwelling habitats and sanctuaries. Hundreds of days ago, most of the Philippine islands were covered in rain forest.Defor estation, traverse down, and a deprivation of infuriatedlife management has led to the Philippines be expound as conservation hotspot. less instinctive wildlife habitat argonas remain each year. Moreover, the habitat that remains has often been degraded to the wild aras which existed in the past. The countrys wildlife is listed as be, critically jeopardize or facing extinction. Fragile as they are, these wonderful creatures need support in the conservation effort for the environment to consider that they testament co-exist with us humans. Wildlife conservation efforts are aimed in several main areas. These include the creation of nature sanctuaries where wildlife can live cheered and free from harm, and where scientific studies can be conducted to founder understand the threats to various species and what solutions are need to ensure their survival.enquiryers conducted this enquiry about Philippine wildlife protection be character we want to ensure that nature will b e approximately for future generations to enjoy and to recognize the vastness of wildlife and wilderness lands to humans. Many corroboratement agencies are dedicated to wildlife conservation, which help to implement policies designed for wildlife protection. There are besides numerous independent non- political sympathiesal organizations who also promote various wildlife protection causes. Researchers are also concerned because wildlife conservation has become an increasingly important practice due to negative human activities on wildlife. Why wildlife conservation is important? Aside from the fact losing the beauty of our country, Philippines, and destroying contrasting creatures, it is important in order to preserve the diversity of biological life upon our country.Statement of the Problem.This thesis seeks to research the effectiveness of the Department of Environment and National Re reference books (Protected Areas and Wildlife vanity) in defend wildlife. Philippines whi ch is one of the worlds most biologically diverse areas has been described by some conservationists as being on the edge of a major wildlife crisis. However, this biodiversity is under threat. Islands once covered in undisturbed forest habitat are now under cultivation to feed the demands of the expanding population. Deforestation, hunting and a lack of wildlife management has led to the Philippines being described as not just as a conservation hotspot an area of concern merely the hottest of the hotspots. This study shall expound on the effectiveness of wildlife conservation, its significance, and the importance of wildlife in our ecosystem. In these aspects, the researcher seeks to establish an answer to the following questions 1. Why is it important to keep and protect wildlife in the Philippines? 2. How effective does the organizations in defend wildlife? 3. What efforts are being taken to protect wildlife?Hypothesis and AssumptionsThe efforts exerted by the Department of E nvironment and Energy Resources- Protected Areas Wildlife Bureau are effective in protecting and conserving the countrys wildlife.The study rests on the following assumptions1. Protecting wildlife is important to maintain ecological balance of nature and for economic value. 2. Conservation of wildlife is one of the projects that our nation whole caboodle out. The conservation helps to balance the ecosystem in biodiversity. The efforts that exerted in the organizations tend to facilitate the extinction. 3. Much of the environmental protection that exists today is the direct result of the petitions and other activities of environmental organizations. 4. The efforts exerted by the Department of Environment and congenital Resources are sufficient to protect the wildlife.Scope and Delimitation of the StudyThe coverage of this study is about the conservation and protection of Philippine wildlife that is being lately mishandled or misused by humans due to negative activities. The study consists of advantage that is being taken to protect or observe the menace wildlife in the Philippines. This study is mainly focused on the effectiveness of efforts that are being taken to protect the Philippine wildlife. The study does not cover the climate change and go alongable uses of resources. The study will include the DENRs ways to protect Philippine wildlife and how they work. It is focused on the study of wildlife wherein they care and conserve Philippine wildlife for future generations.Significance or Importance of the studyAt the conclusion of this study, the researchers aim to identify the efforts of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources in protecting the Philippine wildlife. This study is important for the researchers to be more knowledgeable about the Philippine Wildlife and to know the effectiveness of the efforts of the DENR in protecting the wildlife. It may also pack some law Enforcers to specify part of their service much(prenominal) as implem enting more laws to protect the Philippine Wildlife. This research informs the general public about the countrys wildlife and help them realize that it is important to conserve our environment. In general, researchers conducted this study for the benefit of the future generation, because the preserved wildlife has a big contribution to peopless lives. exposition of TermsBiodiversity biological diversity in an environment as indicated by numbers of different species of plants and animals Conservation the protection, preservation, management, or restoration of natural environments and the ecological communities that lodge them Conservationist a person who advocates conservation in particular if natural resources Critically jeopardise species refers to a species or subspecies that is facing extremely high pretend of extinction in the wild in the immediate future Ecosystem a system that includes all living organisms (biotic factors) in an area as well as its physical environment ( abiotic factors) functioning together as a unitEndangered Species refers to a species or subspecies that is not critically jeopardise but whose survival in the wild is unlikely if the causal factors continue operating Endemic Species heart and soul species or subspecies which is naturally occurring and found only at bottom specific areas in the country Exotic Species means species or subspecies which do not naturally occur in the country Extinction the execute of eliminating or reducing a conditioned response by not reinforcing it Habitat means a place or environment where a species or subspecies naturally occurs or has naturally established its populationIndigenous born or endangered in, native to a land or region, especially before an intrusion Indigenous wildlife- means species or subspecies of wildlife naturally occurring or has naturally established population in the country Introduction means bringing species into the wild that is outside its natural habitat Threaten ed Species a general term to denote species or subspecies considered as critically endangered, endangered, conquerable or other accepted categories of wildlife whose population is at risk of extinction Vulnerable Species refers to a species or subspecies that is not critically endangered nor endangered but is under threat from adverse factors throughout its range and is likely to move to the endangered category in the near future Wildlife means wild forms and varieties of flora and fauna, in all developmental stages, including those which are in captivity or are being bred or propagatedChapter 2Review of Related writings and StudiesThis chapter presents various foreign and local materials associated with the subject of this research. These materials aid in the comprehension and analysis of the Effectiveness of Efforts that being taken to protect the Wildlife in the Philippines.State of the artistryThe literature and studies that were reviewed were found to have bearing on the present study. They served as bases for the conceptualization the studys research problem, research design and research methodology. local anaesthetic LiteratureRoberto V. Oliva, a Forest Law Enforcement Specialist, verbalize that the Philippines is one of the 17 mega diverse countries in the world in his book entitled, PHILIPPINE FOREST AND WILDLIFE justice ENFORCEMENT Situationer and Core Issues. In this book, Oliva describe that the number of species in a country is one measure of biodiversity. The Philippines has 204 species of mammals, of which 54% or 111 species are found nowhere else one hundred one species of amphibians, 78% of which is endemic 258 species of reptiles with 66% endemism and 576 species of birds with 34% or 195 endemic species. On wild flora, the country has about 14,000 species representing five percent of the worlds flora. These include more than 8,000 species of flowering plants or angiosperms, 33 species of gymnosperms, 1,100 species of pteridophytes, a nd 1,271 species of bryophytes. According to Oliva, there are many more species that remain unknow to science. Per hectare, the Philippines probably holds more diversity of life than any other country on Earth. He explained that because of the remarkable diversity in Philippine biological resources, the country is considered as one of the 18 mega diversity countries in the world.Unfortunately, with the passing play of the countrys forest cover, the habitat of wild fauna has likewise been lost. In his piece of writing he stated that habitat destruction can be attributed to logging, both legal and illegal, mining and energy projects, land use conversion, kaingin, pest and diseases. While habitat destruction is considered as the reason for wildlife loss, other factors include weak institutional and legal mechanisms, domestication and hybridization, introduction of exotic species, and overexploitation for intellectual nourishment and trade. In line with this situation, Oliva also disc ussed in his book that the government is the responsible for quotidian and wildlife protection. The government implemented the REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9147, the Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection tour. on July 30, 2001. In the pursuit of this policy, this Act shall have the following preys (a) to conserve and protect wildlife species and their habitats to promote ecological balance and enhance biological diversity (b) to regulate the collection and trade of wildlife (c) to pursue, with due imagine to the national interest, the Philippine commitment to international conventions, protection of wildlife and their habitats and (d) to initiate or support scientific studies on the conservation of biological diversity.According to Oliva, RA 9147 is a good law insofar as it provides for the legal ordinance for wildlife protection. However, Oliva explained further that there are issues hindering its effective implementation. It might be caused by lack of resources for wildlife prote ction, lack of technical expertise in the DENR, Wildlife Enforcement Officers and LGUs in the proper identification of wildlife, Absence of institutional arrangements with other countries to fight the entry and exit of exotic wildlife species and at long last lack of wildlife rescue centers. In the last part of the book, he recommended some ways to strengthen wildlife protection. Among those recommendations are by setting up all the needed facilities and granting benefits for those who protect the wildlife. His book influenced the mind of all the Filipino readers that the government is ready to provide everything to protect the wildlife in the country. We can assure that if all the Filipino citizens and government or non-government agencies work as a one team, we can prevent the extinction between different species and conserve wildlife for the next generation.Foreign Literature ground from the book of Renee Galang entitled A Critical Review of Wildlife Conservation in the Philippi nes published in Melbourne, Australia, The countrys ocean biodiversity is equally spectacular.According to his previous(prenominal) research the Philippines is considered one of the 17 mega diversity countries which together contain 70% to 80% of global biodiversity (Mittermeier et. al. 1997 DENR PAWB et al.2002). The Philippine biodiversity therefore has global significance. The recent 12th Philippine Biodiversity Symposium titled Biodiversity conservation Learning from the past, working for the future in Negros Occidental, Philippines was the best opportunity to experience the current conservation activities in the Philippines. . A natural of one hundred seventy participants from the provincial congressmen and women, to foreign and local conservationists, international and national related foundations, Universities, NGOs and conservation biology under-graduate and post-graduate students participated. The atmosphere was intensely passionate for the conservation cause and the flo w of information and networking was friendly, akin to any collaborative activity of like-minded people.The challenge facing Philippine conservationists to stabilise and/or reverse the current heavy(a) ecological crisis is colossal. This is due to the recent acknowledgment that the country is the top of the list of mega diverse countries. In relation to the size of its land mass, the Philippines is one of the worlds centres of biodiversity and endemism (WCSP 1997). The country has 529 endemic vertebrates (DENR-PAWB et. al. 2002) for which many of the endemic mammals and aviafaunas are in endanger of extinction if the current crisis continues. Heaney (1999) asserted that it is tragic that the biodiversity of the Philippines and the threat of its impending loss have been discovered simultaneously.Due to this scenario, Heaney (1999) concluded that the nation is facing stark alternative either a decline from the biologically richest place on earth to environmental devastation, or recove r from the current brush with disaster to a point of stability. The decline of the Philippine forest is primarily due to the Philippine government failure to implement protective policies and the corruption of former administrations. This is especially true on the latter half of last century where the forest declined from 50% in 1950 to less than 20% at present, of which less than 3% is primary forest left.As the publication of the Philippine spotted dear it states that by the self funded nationwide survey of Roger C. Cox, 95% of its natural distribution in 1985 and 1987 is believed to have kick started the present intense conservation action is the Philippines. The Philippine government reacted by passing an Executive Order 192 through the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) to create the Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau (PAWB) in 1987. The Bureaus responsibilities are to establish and manage the countrys Integrated Protected Area System (IPAS) to formulate p olicies of the preservation of biological diversity and to serve as the management authority in the enforcement of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of wild fauna and flora (CITES).PAWB has 4 divisions Biodiversity management, Natural recreation and extension, protected areas commission, and Wildlife resources. DENR in 1989 established the sustainable development concept as its central guiding principle. The department also formulated the Philippine Strategy for Sustainable Development (PSSD) that collective the concept of the Triple Bottom Lines (i.e. economic viability, ecological sustainability and social responsibility) as its central them Related StudiesAccording to Ceferino P. MAALA a visiting professor in Hiroshima University-Japan, the Philippine is high on the list of priority countries in the world for wildlife conservation because of its remarkable biological diversity, large number of endemic animal and plant species, pitiable wildlife protec tion measures, and high rate of deforestation What are endangered species? According to the definition given by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), endangered species are plants or animals that are being threatened with extinction due to excessive hunting and large scale destruction of their habitat. Conservationists all over the world are alarmed by the 1996 Report of the International Union for IUCN tating that the number of critically endangered mammals in the world has increased significantly from 169-180, order Primates from 13-19, fresh water turtles from 10-24, and birds from 168-182. Of the list for endangered mammalian species, nine are endemic to the Philippine islands.These are the Golden crowned flying fox, Negros naked-backed fruit bat, Philippine tube-nosed fruit bat, Panay bushy-tailed cloud rat, Ilin hairy-tailed cloud rat, Visayan warty pig, Calamian hog deer, Visayan spotted deer, and tamaraw. Among the critically en dangered avian species in the report is the Philippine shoot. Although no endangered marine mammals were mentioned in the report, whale sharks are fast disappearing from Philippine waters (Esplanada, 2000). For example, the Rhicodon typus (also known as pating patola in Zambales, toko in Mindoro, balilan in Cebu and Bohol and butanding in Bicol and Palawan), which regularly visits the waters of Donsol, Sorsogon (located at the tip of Bicol Peninsula) from November to May are rarely sighted in Philippine waters now. These gentle, polka dotted whale sharks are widely run by local fishermen for its meat and fins, which are reported to command a high price abroad.To prevent the Richodon typus from completely disappearing from the Philippine waters, the Philippine government in 1998 declared the whale shark endangered thus, banning poaching and exporting of its 2 Ceferino P. MAALAmeat, which is a delicacy in some Asian countries. other non-governmental conservation groups such as the World Wildlife Fund Philippines (Kabang Kalikasan ng Pilipinas) and large business conglomerates like Nokia Philippines, Megaworld Corporation and International Container Terminal Services Incorporated have supported the governments campaign to protect the whale shark. The Philippine Daily Inquirer a leading Philippine newspaper also supports the turn in the whale shark campaign. Other endangered Philippine species are the Hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata), Olive Ridley turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea), Leatherback turtle (Dermochyles coriacea), Philippine crocodile also known as Philippine freshwater crocodile and Mindoro crocodile (Crocodylus mindorensis), Indo-Pacific crocodile or salt water crocodile (Crocodylus porosus), Mindoro bleeding heart (Gallicolumba platenae), Mindoro bleeding heart (Ducula mindorensis), lesser eagle owl (Mimizuki gurneyi), Philippine eagle owl (Bubo philippensis), silvery kingfisher (Alcedo argentata), Mindoro hornbill (Penelopides mindorensis), celestial monarch (Hypothymis coelestis) and Isabela oriole (Oriolus isabellae).The Philippines Japan Crocodile Farming Institute (CFI) based in Palawan Island has successfully bred the Crocodylus mindorensis in captivity. Only the endangered terrestial mammals (cloud rats, fruit bats, deers, wild pig and tamaraw) and the Philippine eagle will be described in this paper There are many organizations in the Philippines that are implementing various ways to protect and conserve our endangered wildlife. They are ensuring the health and survival of the habitats, plants and animals, conserving natural areas, protecting vital ecosystem services and providing communities with economically sustainable alternatives to forest destruction.Through these organizations, they assess forestry and agricultural businesses to ensure that they are complying with different environmental standards, which include properly caring for water and soil, monitoring wildlife populations, protecting migratory pa thways and prohibiting the hunting and trafficking of wild animals. Organizations help communities establish and support tourism businesses as an alternative to deforestation. Therefore, the different organizations for wildlife take an efforts and takes active part in forming to protect the wildlife.Chapter ThreeResearch Design and MethodologyThis chapter discusses the research design and methodology of the study. It shows how the procedural operation of the research problem of this study. Research DesignThis study utilized the observational research design. An observational research is a type of co relational research in which a researcher observes ongoing behaviour. Through this research design, this study will describe the effectiveness of different protective efforts of the DENR-PAWB in protecting the Philippine wildlife.Sources of DataThe study has two sources of info, namely primary and secondary sources. The primary sources of data are through from browsing the internet. The secondary sources of data include the information gathered from the interviews.Instrumentation and ValidationThis research used data procured from the interviews we conducted to the Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau (PAWB) and details stated at the Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act.Data Gathering ProcedureThe researchers sought the permission to interview the two different organizations who protect the endangered wildlife in the Philippines to procure data as regards to the effective efforts to protect wildlife.Chapter FourPresentation, Analysis, andPresentation of DataThis chapter presents the analysis and interpretation of the data gathered in this study. present are some information gathered from the questions that the researches made and answered by the respondents.1.The primary reason of having wildlife in the country is for ecological balance and it is also to maintain the food web. Food web diagrams the interaction of multiple food chains within a certain ecosystem, showing the mutual dependency of species and the natural balance of habitats that sustain animal and plant life. 2.Because of harmful human activities, urbanization and climate change, some of the species in the country becomes threatened. Another reason is because of the Invasive Alien Species. These exotic species are plants, animals or microorganisms that have been introduced outside their natural distribution area. When IAS enters new habitats, the lack of predators and their ability to compete with native species over the existing food supply can allow them to dominate the local ecosystem. Local species can actually become a food source of the IAS, and drive the former to extinction. 3.The important reason of protecting the wildlife is to save its small population and to save them from extinction. 4.Some threatened species are can be found in some of the provinces in Visayas and in the region of MIMAROPA such as Negros, Panay, Leyte, Mindoro and Palawan.5.There were only about one to two animals that are being rescued every day. These animals are not really endangered. Usually, animals like snakes, turtles and monkeys are being turned over by those who dont know how to handle these animals. 6.Theres a circumstance that the rescuer are being harmed by the animals that theyre rescuing. Especially when those animals are not used to human activity. Accidents are inevitable in rescuing wildlife animal. 7.There are different ways on how modern technology helps these organizations to protect the wildlife easier. The Geographic Information System (GIS) technology is an effective tool for managing, analyzing, and mapping wildlife data such as population size and distribution, habitat use and preference, changes in habitats, and regional biodiversity.GIS offers an indispensable means of tracking threatened animals to help prevent further harm or even extinction. In the other hand, the Global view System (GPS) device will normally record and store loca tion data at a pre-determined interval or on interrupt by an environmental sensor. These data may be stored pending recovery of the device or relayed to a central data store or internet-connected com deputeer employ an embedded cellular (GPRS), radio, or satellite modem. The animals location can then be plotted against a map or map in near real-time or, when analysing the track later, using a GIS package or custom software.But they dont have enough number of these devices because these devices cost too much expensive. It can be afford if there were sponsors that are willing to help financially. 8.Medical health plans are provided for all the animals. Quarantine tests and yearbook health assessment are also given for all the animals that they are taking care of. 9. They only provide a fleeting shelter. Their main objective is to rehabilitate the rescued animals and they will bring them back to their natural habitat. 10.There are many regional rescue centers all over the country. It is required to have at least one rescue center/sanctuary for the animals every region.According to the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, the Philippine flora has 101 critically endangered species, 193 endangered species and 240 vulnerable species. In the other hand, the Philippine fauna has 299 resident species, 203 migrant species, 421 endemic species, 22 indigenous species, and 7 newly introduced species.Chapter Five stocky of Findings, Conclusion and RecommendationsThis chapter presents the summary of findings, conclusions and recommendations of the study. This study determined the effectiveness of the different efforts exerted by the DENR in protecting and conserving the countrys wildlife. This sought to answer the following sub-problems. What is the total number of threatened species in the country as of year 2011? What are the factors that the organization does in conserving wildlife? I. SummaryIn spite of those harmful activities by humans, different organiz ations strive hard to protect and take care of the wildlife. There are gradually of animals are being rescued a day. Protectors of the wildlife are sometimes put in danger like being harmed by the animals that they are toilsome to rescue. The DENR- Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau Rescue Center is established as a temporary shelter for donated, rescued, abandoned and confiscated endemic, indigenous and exotic wildlife from Metro Manila and nearby provinces. All wild animals brought into the center undergo the necessary health quarantine and rehabilitation period. Endemic and indigenous wild animals found physically fit are eventually released back into their natural habitat following standard protocol. Those unfit individuals as well as exotics are displayed in the Mini-zoo to promote public awareness, appreciation and support to the conservation of the countrys wildlife resources and their habitats.The center is also a source of display animals for legitimate zoological parks and research specimens for academic and scientific institutions. It is also a living laboratory for veterinary and biology students and wildlife enthusiasts. Nowadays, modern technology plays a big role in our daily lives to make our job easily. There are some devices that are being used by the DENR to track and detect the threatened animals. Unfortunately these devices are costly that cant afford and cant operate continuously. In spite of that, the organizations are trying to bring back the rescued animals to their habitats and also, they provide the entire medical health plan that the animals needed. The medical health plan depends if the animal is suffering from an illness or has been into a hazardous accident.They provide rescue centres all over the country who take temporary custody and care of all confiscated, abandoned and donated wildlife to ensure their upbeat and well-being. DENR implemented rules and regulations on conserving the countrys wildlife resource and their habi tats for sustainability. It is entitled The Wildlife Act RA No. 9147. In general, the DENR-PAWB is the primary government agency responsible for terrestrial wildlife protection. They aim to conserve and protect wildlife species and their habitats to promote ecological balance and enhance biological diversity.II. ConclusionsFrom the analysis, interpretations and implications of the findings of the study, the following conclusions were drawn1. Unless the extinction doesnt occur, the efforts exerted by the organizations are solace effective. 2. There were many different organizations, different in objectives and efforts. But still they are striving for one goal, to take good care, protect and preserve the natural resources that our countrys can be proud of. 3. Protecting wildlife is to encompass plants and animals. Protecting wildlife will also protect the habitats and therefore help maintain ecological balanceIII. RecommendationsIn the light of the findings and conclusions, the follo wing are offered as recommendations for possible action1. The government should develop and enhance the laws concerning the protection of countrys natural resources. 2. Increased support from state and central government agencies for the conservation of natural resources. 3. Proper planning of land and water utilization should be done to ensure the protection of wildlife in their natural habitats or in the manmade habitats such as zoos and botanical gardens.

Peter Green’s first day Essay

Get the orderliness from Bob Franklin. In order to get the order, Peter has to face the problem of freight cost. Secondary contradiction for Peter spirt1) His supervisor, John Murphy makes no bones about his scorn for the untested breed of salespeople at Scott Carpet, such(prenominal) as Peter himself. 2) Tiff with John Murphy.How to deal with the principal contradiction for Peter Green As Peter Green has to face his ethical principle of no lies, he cannot bear from lying to the count office or he will encounter a faith breaking. That leaves only choice is to replete Bob Franklin in order to not lose the commission, at the same time, not breaking his ethical rules. There is one way to finish the task and benefit both sides. Peter could ask the keep company to bring forward a preferential strategy that all the firms that have a long-term league with Scott Carpets (Such as Peabody Rug) will be given a certain credit check to the size of the order. In that kind of strategy, Pet er will not need to face the dilemma and Bob get what he wants. Its a win-win situation, job done. Conspiracy? Lets say its an overt one. any(prenominal) happened in system, stayed in system, and solve in system.How to deal with the secondary contradiction for Peter Green send-off thing, be nice to John Murphy, whatever its from the bottom of the heart or act according to circumstance. Show some respect to the supervisors. Secondly, do everything nicely, keep follow the ethic rules but learn to be adaptable. Last but not least, play the overt one, not conspiracy.What if the company doesnt agree with the new strategy?As to the character of John Murphy, its easy to tell his arrogance. By that case, Peters new idea may face a very dangerous situation. As the rule some(prenominal) happened in system, stayed in system, and solved in system, Peter cannot bypass the immediate leader (John Murphy) to do the report. By that case, he has to endure hardships (agree with his BOSS John Murphy and show the loyalty to him) to wait the progress comes. When he gets promoted to, lets say, District Manager, he can change the rules and play his game.

Race in Shakespeare

Since the Middle Ages, the outlets of bucket along have long been discussed. In nearly every culture, race has been a topic of complex preaching that has brought social discomfort and in nigh instances racial prejudice Elizabethan England being no exception. William Shakespeare applies the issue of race in firearmy of his endures such in the tragedy of Othello that captures the reality of society in Elizabethan England, showing common racial bias of that era. Through his char role run intoers in the play, Shakespeare illustrates Elizabethan social ideology towards race, in which foreigners have adapted to a lifestyle of racial prejudice.In order to better understand the racial place setting behind the tragedy of Othello it is meaning(a) to keep in mind the historical complexities that existed in Elizabethan England. Elizabethan vision of foreigners was complex and evolving from the Middle Ages. In the Middle Ages, engaging with foreigners involved the spiritual and material typeface of life. Margo Hendricks, author of Shakespeare and Race, explains within Elizabethan culture and literature that foreigners were viewed as those implementing a process of vulgarization. Elizabethan consciousness of foreigners was closely tied to the religious brain of the world, in which followers of Judaism and Islam were the antithesis of Christians. The difference in religions prompted the same outlook on difference in race. In the beginning, foreigners mostly blacks, were forcefully brought over to Elizabethan England as creatures that possess forgetful to no rights. However, as time went on they became members of Elizabethan society kat oncen as moors. Although they were instanter members of society, racial integration with whites often clashed, resulting in complex tensions amongst the different races.Many foreigners in Elizabethan England were blacks, according to Diane Abbott, a current British Member of Parliament, in which the sudden rise in number caused Qu een Elizabeth I to issue a proclamation complaining about this rise in numbers of blacks in England. For blacks, the horizon of color brought so numerous negative intensions in the eyes of white Elizabethan Christians that degraded them in Elizabethan society. In this regard, Shakespeare uses the issue of race in Othello, written during Elizabethan times, as genius of the primary(prenominal) themes in the story represented by means of characters such as Iago, Brabantio, and others.In the beginning of the play, Iago shares with Roderigo and the audience his intentions of manipulating Othello for his personalized progress because Othello passed on Iago as his lieutenant, thus allowing Iago to act a need for retaliate based on personal hatred. Before diving into examples illustrating racism in the play it is important to also understand Othellos ground in regards to being a black foreigner in Elizabethan society. Othello, who is the plays protagonist, is a highly respected gen eral of the Venetian armed forces, although being a Moor, a man of North African descent.Ironically in the play, Othello is therefore presented in some personal manners setback to the norms of Elizabethan society. plot being a powerful figure and having the respect of his followers, Othello is still subject to racial backlash ascribable to his societal role as a cultural outsider for being a foreigner. Moors, or those of African decent, were seen as second class citizens of Elizabethan society, treated with little respect, and making very little income to succor support their families.Othello has to secretly marry Desdemona, a Venetian woman, because he knows not only would Desdemonas engender be opposed to such a marriage between a foreigner and a Venetian, that also society wouldnt be in favor of it either. This as we see in the play provokes more racial slurs towards Othello, although the love that Desdemona and Othello share for each other is too strong for race to pay o ff an issue between them. In the opening act of the play we see Iago, a veteran armed services man of Venice and the harshest critic of Othello byout the play, share with Roderigo and the audience his intentions of revenge against Othello.Here not only do we race Iagos personal hatred for Othello, but Roderigos racial views as well. What a full component does the thick lips owe if he can carryt thus (I, i ,65) Roderigo, who wants to win Desdemonas love away from Othello at any cost, calls Othello as thick-lips, a racial stereotype of blacks, when responding to Iago about their plans to ecstasy Venetians such as Desdemonas father Brabantio, against Othello. As Roderigo and Iago go to awake Brabantio in the middle of the darkness to tell him of the news that Desdemona ran off with Othello to get married, multiple stereotypes and slurs are used in this exchange.Iago tells Brabantio that hes been robbed of his soul, for Othello has taken Desdemona by some sort of curse, being that theres no way a prominent Venetian woman would go off to marry a barbarian instead of a Venetian man. Because we come to do you service and you think we are ruffians, youll have your daughter covered with a Barbary horse, youll have your nephews neigh to you, youll have coursers for cousins and jennets for germans. ( I, i, 108) Iago, in his conversation with Brabantio, compares Othello to a Barbary horse in Africa.In a most obscene manner, Iago is informing Brabantio of the repercussions in their society if he doesnt take action against Othello for his daughter is now within the gross clasps of a lascivious Moor (act 1 sc. 1 line 141). The negative connotation of the color black isnt only viewed in the eyes only Venetians in the tragedy of Othello. In fact, Othello uses the color black as a negative implication as well when he hears from Iago that Desdemona has been faithless to him. arise, black vengeance, from the hollow hell thy crown and hearted throne to tyrannous hate III, iii, 447) It could be possible that possibly those in Elizabethan England simply used black and white to mirror bad versus good, dark versus light, and through this view brought the same view of foreigners because of skin color. Brabantio accuses Othello of dark magic as his way of wooing Desdemona, claiming his impurity in forcing his daughters willingness in marriage. Whereas many of such derogatory comments about Othello have a good deal irony considering his status as a leader of the Venetian army, at the same time it clear illustrates the social gap between citizens and foreigners.Regardless of the fact that Othello is a man of power as is Brabantio being a senator the view of foreigners is rather a big issue, in this case Brabantio despises Othello for his actions because his view just like many Venetians is that a foreigner with a Venetian brings impurity and disgrace to society. Othello being the black Moor of Venice shows an opposite pattern to the norm of Elizabetha n society. While racism can be quite obvious through the language of some characters, it can be interpreted through minor characters as well.In the final act after Emilia sees that Othello has killed an innocent Desdemona, she yells O the more angel she, and you the blacker devil (V, ii, 132) for believing Iago who was manipulating him the entire time, resulting in killing his innocent wife he oftentimes adored. Emilia uses the color as shades of evil, byword that Othello has done something terribly wrong that connects him to the devil. In my opinion, the murder of Desdemona restores order of Elizabethan society, where as Othello having power would cut out the order of the social hierarchy, bringing chaos and social problems for others.While some determine Othello as the hero of the play, it is important to understand the historical prejudice of blacks from whites in Elizabethan England. My interpretation of the play in regards to the historical scope of Elizabethan society le ads me to believe Othello was by no means a hero in the play because he was made out to be very gullible in believing Iagos perceived truth of his wife, causing him to become jealous, heartbroken, and then proceeding by killing his wife with very little evidence that she was actually unfaithful to him.This could bring up questions about whether Shakespeare was in favor of societys racial prejudice towards blacks, against it, or just simply used it in his work as one of his appeals, although Othello is portrayed sympathetically as an articulate and intelligent man. In my opinion, had Shakespeare been against racism, he would have made the characters in the play that are racist such as Iago seem weak and have him fail his intentions of revenge on the Moor for choosing Cassio over Iago as lieutenant. In this play however, Iago is killed in such a way that makes him look like a martyr, and the real hero of the play.Otherwise, I believe Shakespeare would have made much more emphasis on r acism being so derogatory that Othellos actions would bring decreed attitudes from the audience as well as sympathy, while making those that are racist hold study character flaws.Citations in MLA format Shakespeare, William. Othello. Russ McDonald, 05/01/2001. Hendricks, Margo. Shakespeare and Race. Cambridge University of Cambridge, 2000. Abbott, Diane. British History In Depth. BBC. 2009-11-05 . On Race and religion. PBS. .