Sleep and Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

tranquillity and Culture - Essay practiceThis study will guide the readers to understand how factors such as the environment and culture affect the sleeping contour of a person. Keywords sleeping pattern, environment, culture Sleep and Culture 2 Sleep and Culture Sleep is an essential activity of our body. The officiate of sleep has a signifi hatfult effect in our body. One function of sleep is to repair and to restore both body and brain because during the waking life, our body and brain bring wear and tear on the body and some mind/brain d consume time (Nairne, 2003) and this can be fixed during sleeping. Another function of sleep is that it increases our survival value. It was believed that sleep is an adaptive response to changing environmental condition, a form of behavior that is useful because it increases the chance to survive (Nairne, 2003). However, every person has his own sleeping pattern or practice. It is due to the factors such as the environment and culture tha t affects the sleeping pattern of a person. The sleeping pattern is incorporated on our biological clock that is influenced by the environment (day and night, climate, lifestyle).

Internal Fraud Investigation at Lakes Inc Assignment

Internal Fraud Investigation at Lakes Inc - Assignment ExampleNext were co-conspirators then the main suspect. Professionalism was maintained as was respect for the suspects rights. All interviews and legal proceeding were recorded. A confession was obtained from the key suspect after a leniency deal with the co-conspirator. The investigation recommended an away of court settlement. Introduction Internal fraud is increasingly becoming a major concern for organizations all with staff abusing their inclines, making false claims or outrightly obtaining company assets by unauthorized means. While staff should be the graduation exercise line of defense against fraud attacks, some staff members take advantage of this and become the fraudsters. The UK lead-in anti-fraud agency, CIFAS reported a 70 percent increase in indispensable fraud by employees in the half year of 2009 (Jones, 2011). The rise in staff fraud necessitates investigations in the most professional and utile manner t o ancestor out the offenders, recover stolen property and mitigate such future occurrences. This paper leave behind give a narrative of Lake Inc. case where the Associate purchasing director was reported to be abusing his position to obtain goods fraudulently. The essay will report on how the investigation was done, the findings and conclusions made. On receiving the tip, the Lakes Inc. management contacted the writer to wash up to the bottom of the issue by conducting a thorough and professional investigation. The basic steps for investigating internal fraud were conducted to solve the case. The fact that the investigations started almost two months after the staff tip-off could potentially collapse jeopardized the case. This is because frauds should be reported, verified and investigated as soon as possible. This way tracking consequence is faster and the evidence is still fresh. Sufficient grounds to believe fraud had taken place were established by myself in the lead getti ng on with the investigation. I used interviewing, document scrutiny and making personal observations to get to the root of the case, and secured control and ownership of the relevant purchase and payment documents. This was essential in ensuring they are not tampered with and that they could be availed and used as evidence. The documents helped form the basis for conducting the investigation at Lakes Inc. I reviewed the obvious information first that false invoices had been used to obtain refunds by the purchases department amounting to $ 8 795.60, before getting into the details. Getting exposit information involved interviewing neutral third companionship witnesses to the case after scrutinizing the invoicing documents and authenticating them. The neutral third party witnesses interviewed were dispatch and collection personnel, the stores and inventory clerks, and the IT support department (Coenen, 2009). These were interviewed to verify no computer servers were bought as utte r in the invoice and claim documents were actually delivered, entered into the inventory records, and/ or installed. The interview took place on the sixth August. From here, witnesses who could corroborate the evidence adduced so far were interviewed on the same day (Coenen, 2009). An evaluation of the requisition arrangement for new equipment or office equipment was done to establish the procedures and who were involved in the process.

Analyse the condition in which American nations became, according to Essay

Analyse the condition in which American nations became, according to benedick Anderson, Creole Pi angiotensin converting enzymeers of patriotism - Essay Example534).Colonies came with high developed military, marine, governmental and entrepreneurial capabilities. England started their colonies in some(prenominal) West Indies and North America as they had the ability to build ocean-worthy ships though they did not have a strong history of colonisation on foreign land as Spain did. Benedict Anderson, the author of one of the most important concept in political geography described nations as imagined communities. Born in Kunming, China, and brought up in California then after he moved to Ireland. The major factors contributing to nationalism in the past three centuries as Anderson described were the use of historical materialist or the Marxist glide slope (Jackson and Penrose 1998, p. 1).In respect to this, Anderson argued that Marxist thought had included nationalism but had proved a n uncomfortable deadening for this theory. He defined a nation as imagined political community seen as both inherently limited and sovereign arguing that the main cause of nationalism and the creation of an imagined community is the reduction of introduction to particular script language in this case Latin. The other cause is the movement to abolish the ideas of the supernal rule and monarchy, as well as the appearance of the printing press under a stratagem of capitalism. The introduction of imagined communities was as a result of reconciling Marxist theories and nationalism and also to mark into devotion what Anderson envisaged as a twisted context for the appraisal of nationalism. This distortion still continues both inwardly and extracurricular the academy. In Latin America and Indonesia, Anderson defined a nation as an imagined political community and put it as both inherently limited and sovereign. Marshall (2007, p. 448) describes the concept of imagined communities as currently standard within geographical books. The concept does not necessarily mean that a nation is false but refers to a nation as being constructed from popular

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome - Essay Examplethither ar currently no treatments that treat polycystic ovary syndrome as a whole, but case-by-case symptoms are tended to establish on the desires of each effeminate.Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common medical condition in which women have an imbalance of female sex hormones (Kovacs, 2007) in women of reproductive age. When a teenage girls or womans ovaries produce significantly abnormal amounts of androgens, which are male sex hormones, the development and release of eggs are interfered with. With polycystic ovary syndrome, cysts - sacs filled with liquid - form instead of the eggs maturing. Then the cysts build up in the ovaries, a great deal becoming enlarged, in lieu of an egg being released. When a teenager or woman has polycystic ovary syndrome, they frequently do not have a regular menstrual cycle.Polycystic ovary syndrome is among many disorders that doctors have been unable to take root a sole, definite piss. However, eno ugh enquiry in the matter has revealed a variety of factors that may revivify a role in the development of polycystic ovary syndrome. One such factor is transmittables, with many doctors believing that if an individuals mother or sister has been diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome, then the individual risks developing the syndrome as well. Similarly, current research is being undergone to determine if a mutated gene is involved in the formation of the cysts, making polycystic ovary syndrome a genetic disorder.Another possible factor in the developing of polycystic ovary syndrome is an excess of insulin. If an individual has a resistance to insulin, which would cause an impairment in effectively utilizing insulin, then the pancreas would produce more insulin to keep sugar available for the cells. If in that location is too much insulin, it can cause an increase in the androgen that is produced by the ovaries. This hormone is springy to the cysts survival, and too much androg en will allow them to

Ensuring Employees Pay for Extra Cost of Healthcare Essay

Ensuring Employees Pay for Extra Cost of Healthcare - Essay ExampleEmployers should devise an economic programme that would ensure employees compensate the extra cost over premiums spent on lifestyle-related diseases. The following is a proposed framework that employers would use to ensure employees pay for extra be above the coverage premium spent on lifestyle-related conditions.First, employers should schedule all chronic conditions that are lifestyle-related and contribute to the increase in the cost of the premium. A likely list should include conditions such as diabetes, some forms of cancers, heart disease, and obesity-related illnesses. In order to ensure a robust program, accredited health care professionals should approve the scheduled list of complications and ascertain they are lifestyle-related.The succor process in the framework should involve enumerations of direct and indirect costs incurred from health-related illnesses. The direct cost calculation is simple and can be estimated based on extra expenditure the company has on yard bird and outpatient services. They include extra expenditure on services including surgeries, radiological processes, laboratory tests, and drug therapies. Indirect costs include an estimation of resources forgone by the firm or company because of a lifestyle-related health condition that affects an employee. The evaluate of lost work because of absenteeism should be calculated based on accumulated wages throughout the period. some other forms of indirect cost include the value of increased insurance incurred by the company because of lifestyle-related conditions.

Problems related to information management Essay

Problems related to learning management - Essay Examplethough organizations tend to spend a major proportion of their budgetary allocations on maintaining, updating and renewing their training infrastructure, they many a times fail to address the human factors associated with tuition management (Smith 19). In that context, information literacy could be deemed to be a central aspect of managing information at the work drift. A failure to open up the employees into the basics and fundamentals of information management could expose them to a plethora of problems like an overload of information, problems confront owing to a lack of ability to locate and retrieve the required and right information, anxiety go about owing to a lack of cognizance of the essentials of information management, inadequacy in the requisite skills required to get by the necessary information, day to day issues culminating into misinformation or disinformation, incumbent time constraints, and the like. Hence , to facilitate the smooth accomplishment of information management at the work place, it is necessary that the organizations do invest in training the associated personnel in the requisite skills such as networking, time management, information analysis, data mining, team work, computer skills, online networking, resource management, etc so that they may be able to exploit information as a key to the overall organisational success.A lack of information literacy and improper information management at the workplace could hamper productiveness in multiple ways (Milner 4). It could not only lead to a loss of the much remarkable time in searching and finding the right information but could inevitably be accompany by various debilitating human ramifications like a commensurate rise in the employee thwarting and stress incurred owing to the wastage of scarce resources. It could also slow down the progress at the work place owing to a lack of the required information as and when it is

Aviation Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Aviation Law - test ExampleAlthough, Carl was a registered pilot his flight rating were not satisfactory since he had no flown for 10 months (Henrietta, 2006). During his flight, Carl experienced problems just as he was about to land in his destination. Section 107 of the ANO specifies that an operator or pilot of an aircraft must specify the stripped requirements to be used in landing an aircraft. Carl was well alive(predicate) through his flight plan that the aircraft was going to fly over a class D airspace and therefore he should have made Cumbernauld airports Air Traffic Controllers aware of his divergency intentions (CAA, 2009). Moreover, plane section 107 of the ANO an aircraft should not descend from a height above 1000 meters to the relevant airport without deport vision of that airport. One of the important information that was ignored was the flying requirement for the plane used by Carl. Carl flew a plane that was fuel starved for its intended journey which was in contravention of the section 107 which requires minimum requirements to be followed. Betty, a part owner of the plane company in which Carl later flew contravened the ANOs section 138, which states that a person must not recklessly or negligently an aircraft to endanger any airplane propeller or person. Betty did not take any steps in ensuring that Carl was qualified to fly an airplane since she exactly relied on his word. As the operator of the company that owned the airplane she had the obligation of ensuring that air safety is maintain for her employees and clients. Moreover, Betty did not b early(a) to check if Carl personal log book had good instrument rating since the uprightness prohibits pilots from flying with poor... The paper tells that many commercial activities are controlled and monitored by the laws for the benefit or protection of unlike stakeholders. Moreover, several laws have been enacted to cater for special interests such as human rights, consumer protection and many other special interests. Air travel is nowadays a common form of transport in the manhood and this type of travel is suited for passengers travelling long distances or those in a hurry. The researchers have seen the type of Carl who was in a hurry and thus risked his life in an aircraft. Moreover, we interpreted at Dan who endangered his life and caused injuries to unity of his passengers through his actions. The Air Navigation Order (ANO) or Rules of the Air (RotA) laws were enacted to protect air operators, travellers and employees who work in the airline industry. However, these laws are used only in the UK and thus in some situations it necessary to off use of laws and previous suit of clothess in handling out judgements. In the first case, we take a look at the case of Carl who ignored the rules and provisions of the ANO. While on the other hand the second case we take a look at a rookie helicopter pilot who blatantly ignores line laws. These two cases are dif ferent and explore how provisions of the ANO and RotA can be used in decision making and resolving aviation scenarios. For instance, in the first case Carl and Betty should be held liable for breaching the ANO laws while on the second case Dan is the culprit through negligence.

Managed health care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Managed health fretfulness - Essay Examplewith American Medical Association (AMA) becoming a national force legal transfer awareness in 1900s (PBS), the call for advancement in medicinal procedures and the want to lure and maintain a healthy work force of organizations.This leave aloneed in inelastic expenditure on health with establishment of federal official responsibility to ensure health security and devising of health insurance policies. There arose a famine of health-manpower as demand for health facilities increased.More money was now officially (from 4.5% in the beginning to 15% currently, of the total budget) put into the making of the specialized doctors who demanded greater fee, breakthrough sophistication in medicine were victorious place, and hospital expenses and profits were expanding till the point it became an integrated, privatized and corporatized system.Other important factors that contributed to the rising health costs include exploitation of fee-for-service method, general inflation in economy, greater demand of services as a result of greater and aging population (AWHP) and speculation over changing government policies.Managed-health-care, which took over as a result of exploitation of pay-as-needed method of health care programs, mostly sapped these factors of rising costs. Firstly, the appointment of third fellowship kept the interest of both consumer and financier of the health benefit in view. It put the urgency and extremity of the service consumed under unbiased third party scrutiny, enabled cost effective group contracting with health-service providers and minimize the chances of exploitation with maximum consumer satisfaction. At the same time the service provider (hospital etc) were also brought to account for their charges which in turn reviewed the money minting privatization and brought the overall cost of health care in check.Consumer-driven heath care as the name suggests empowers the consumer to the health care progr am. It enables more space in decision making for the consumer, with

Discuss the portrait of al-Hajjaj Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Discuss the portrait of al-Hajjaj - Essay ExampleAlthough al-Hajjaj is commonly considered a villain notorious for his relentless brutality, the portrait we obtain from the primary texts is not that simple and transparent, instead, the texts create a complicated flick of the province governor illustrated in various situations. Thereby, ambiguities in portrayal can be explained by sealed bias in attitude of the texts authors towards the governor.Many scholars assert that the commander was an extremely brutal and cruel governor, who caused legion(predicate) deaths and imprisonments in the course of his life. This assumption finds its confirmation in the texts, where we put on that the commander is believed to be liable for a hundred and twenty thousand executions (Schroeder, p. 229). Many other situations described in the text provide usher of al-Hajjajs bad temper and brutality after defeating Ibn Zubayr in Mecca, al-Hajjaj is told to have killed and gibbeted him in the street. In a similar way, while coming to Kufa, he immediately executed the old man, who sprang on the corpse of Othman. Furthermore, we see numerous mentions of Hajjajs nasty character in the narratives, for instance, that of Ubayd son of Abu Mukhariq, who calls the commander a fearsome attain (Schroeder, p.220). However, despite nasty character and brutality, which became his most famous feature, the commander seems to possess reason and a clear of mercy in his nature, as it can be traced in the sources. For instance, as Hajjaj is in need of sapiential advise concerning the inheritance, he eventually rules according to the fairest of options he is told to have given each heir an disturb third of the inheritance. This fragment was told by al-Shabi, whose figure is rather controversial in terms of his relation to the Umayyads. Shabi probably supported the rebellion in Kufa, then fled to Khurasan and later returned to the Umayyad court willing to serve in the administration. Here,

Pinnacle Pictures Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

blossom Pictures - Case Study ExamplePinnacle Pictures has been up to(p) to dominate the regional market on the basis of its job quality and value for money services. With a staff of active fifty people, the company has been able to break even and earn profits with a respectable turnover rate of 5,000,000. Now that the digital photography, personal computer printing, instant photography and transmittal picture/ video transmission on the net has sproutn over the traditional photography, Pinnacle Pictures also feels the need for going digital and an upgrade in technology to retain its customer base as well as to move on more customers. Though there are still patrons of the traditional rolling film type photography and the technique is still very much in use, digital photography is steadily been gaining more intellect and acceptability. Increasing use of smaller versions of digital cameras with personal computers and advanced ways of printing technology has well-nigh necessitate d the requisite changes in the merchandising strategies of the company. In this paper an effort is being made to suggest separate strategies and steps that Pinnacle butt adopt to take on the competitors and increase its market share. A marketing plan for Pinnacle forms an integral part of its broader stock plan implying in words and numbers how, where and to whom Pinnacle proposes to roll the film and photography, outlining the companys approach in attracting potential customers to its printing and development. 2.0 Situation Analysis2.1 Macro environs Film photography appears to be fighting for survival amongst the range of digital technologies that are available as a formidable alternative. So far the company has been able to maintain its profitability with its customer oriented value for money approach. To venture into the digital field with field in such a manner that Pinnacle can take the course gradually without totally abandoning its existing operations. To analyze the fac tors influencing this decision, PEST depth psychology proves to be a very helpful tool.PEST analysis This type of analysis is done analyze the virgin venture, new location, new country or new business. It gives a fair idea about the favorable and inauspicious factors of the business venture that the company intends to go into. Accordingly the company can plan out strategies, take a review of its decision or may prepare itself vigorously to jump into the fray. PEST analysis involves four main factors.Political Under the globalization and liberalization scheme of things, the political factors in frequent have been quite supportive of business ventures. Governments are opening up newer avenues for growth within the country. thus the political environment on the macro level appears very much conducive towards growth in the photographic market. Since the management and top bosses of the company too appear to convinced about the change in attitude and business strategies, therefore th e inner politics too is favorable towards the business.Economic Since the economic prosperity of a nation or state is one the prime concerns of the respective governments. These governments prefer more business activities, so that governments can get more taxes for development of infrastructure and other social welfare schemes. The outcome duties, customs duties, excise and other forms of taxes are being put at bare minimum for the a la mode(p) digital age gadgets and

Arabic writing system Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Arabic writing transcription - Essay Example800 B.C.), whence came the garner of the ancient Roman alphabet, and ultimately all Western alphabets.The North Arabic script, which eventually prevailed and became the Arabic script of the Quran, relates most substantially and directly to the Nabatian script, which was derived from the Aramaic script. Old Aramaic, the language of Jesus and the Apostles, dates from the 2nd millennium B.C., and round dialects of which atomic number 18 facilitate spoken by tiny groups in the Middle East. Arabic script still shares with Aramaic the names of the alphabet garner (Alef, Jeem, Dal, Zai, Sheen, etc.) similar graphic representation for phonetically similar letters (Sad and Dad, Ta and Tha, etc.) connections of letters in the same word and several forms of each letter depending on its placement in the word, except for letters that cannot be connected to the letters which come after them (Alef, Dal/Dthal, Raa/Zai, Waw). The Arabic alphabet con tains 18 letter shapes, by adding one, two, or three dots to letters with similar phonetic characteristics a total of 28 letters is obtained. These contain three long vowels, while diacritics can be added to head short vowels.With the spread of Islam, the Arabic alphabet was adapted by several non-Arab nations for writing their own languages. In Iran Arabic letters were employ to write Farsi, with the addition of four letters to represent the phonetics that did not come through in Arabic p, ch, zh, and g. The Ottoman Turks used the Arabic alphabet until 1929 and added still another letter. This alphabet was similarly used to write other Turkish languages and dialects, such as Kazakh, Uzbek, etc. Several other languages used the Arabic alphabet at one time or another, including Urdu, Malay, Swahili, Hausa, Algerian Tribal, and others. Arabic script is not used solely for writing Arabic, but for a variety of languages. In each language, it has been modified to go bad the languag es sound system. There are sounds not found in Arabic, but found in, for instance, Persian, Malay and Urdu such sounds dont correspond to any sound from the Arabic system of sounds for which the Arabic alphabet can be used. For example, the Arabic language lacks a p sounding letter, so many languages add their own letter for p in the script, though the symbol used may differ between languages. These modifications tend to fall into groups all the Indian and Turkic languages written in Arabic tend to use the Persian modified letters (and those are the languages that are geographically closer to Persia), whereas West African languages tend to imitate those of Ajami, and Indonesian ones those of Jawi. A writing system in which the Persian modified letters are used is called Perso-Arabic script by the scholars. Generally, in countries where field education is effective and where the national language is written in Arabic script, Arabic script is alike used to write the other languages used in that country (Coulmas 20).The Arabic alphabet is written from decent to left and is composed of 28 basic letters. Adaptations of the script for other languages such as Persian and Urdu extradite additional letters. There is no difference between written and printed letters the writing is unicase (i.e. the concept of velocity and lower case letters does not exist). On the other hand, most of the letters are disposed to one another, even when printed, and their appearance changes as a function of whether they connect to preceding or quest letters. Some

The Most Important Events during the Period 1900-1940 Essay

The Most Important Events during the Period 1900-1940 - Essay ExampleWorld War I, women suffrage, mass production, and economic prosperity are among the most remarkable events which cause great populacewide disorder yet by means of them, human beings discovered the capacity to transform in character and hope to impact progress either by individual or collective means. In the past, even dating to the most ancient of ages, charr had constantly been perceived as a mans unequal counterpart or more(prenominal) specifically, the type whose strengths and potentials were often underestimated compared with those of the dominant male opposite. Centuries prior to the 1900-1940 span had witnessed women under conditions of weakness and low self-worth having been field of operations to the rules and ways by which men desired to materialize their ideas of civilization and societies in which women were only allowed and expected to number a meager part of. This suppression which chiefly deni ed women of confidence and dues to express their preferences in the manner of living, by course of nature, led to women suffrage which began as early as the 1820s by advocates of women in support of part with secular education, abolition of slavery, birth control, and divorce laws that were more flexible in terms to favor both parties. As it proceeds for more than 100 years, women suffrage had met with success of being taken to a train where powerful men, like Pres. Woodrow Wilson in 1918 believed that the nation is of dire necessity of it during wars as war measure (USA History). Thus, the federal women suffrage required amendment in order to redefine and seek extension to the legal rights of women accordingly. At this stage, it is inborn to note then that such event brought about a turning point wherein women were empowered to take the field for their independence of choice and raise arguments concerning equality with men so they eventually reached the extent of realizing th at they could profess retributive as men did in fields such as of education, science, engineering, commerce, and medicine besides or kinda of sole confinement to domestic tasks. In the words of C. Eastman, an active campaigner The problem of womens freedom is how to arrange the world so that women can be human beings, with a chance to exercise their continuously varied gifts in infinitely many ways, instead of being destined by the accident of their provoke to one field of activity housework and child-raising. Though the World War I followed a block of peace with extremely destructive measures by former world powers, its significance is greatly proven through the height of social and political awareness at the time as majority of people the world over exhibited a sense of nationalism, unified contempt against imperialism, advanced degree of militarism and ideals thereof, along with the notion that have-to doe with alliances would require another war prior to settlement (Zaide & Zaide 335). Apparently, these underlying grounds stirred the nations involved to action, thereby enabling them to think critically and learn the essence of courage, national liberty, as well as pathetic with

Difference between a Wired and Wireless Network Security Term Paper

Difference between a pumped up(p) and Wireless Network Security - Term news report ExampleThis kind of threat is most often accidental but sometimes may be intentional too. It includes fluctuations or surges in precedent affix, that is, sudden rise or sudden drop in the voltage, the efficiency of the supply and electricity failure. The voltage fluctuation tends to damage the computer system and the information stored in the random-access memory because it may cause the system to shut down suddenly. Thus, power smoothing becomes vital. This potful be achieved by applying surge protectors on the power supply or by using devices like uninterruptible power supply (UPS) which are charged by the power main. These have built-in power smoothers which are greatly right-hand if there is sudden failure of power supply like electricity blackout. The computers over the network are connected to the UPS and in case of electricity failure, they do not shut down all of a sudden. This helps in saving the vital information that was being processed. A power generator does the same purpose, that is, acts as a power supply and lets the computers continue their processing without losing the information. There should be power-linked parameters connected with both the power supply and the system which give signal before electricity failure. ... In a wired network, you can see by your eyes and through the wires which and how many PCs are connected to a certain network. Hence, the southward significant difference is that of trust. A wired network is directly under the control of the administrator and thereof there is a trustworthy attitude toward the whole setup. On the other hand, wireless networks suffer from surmise because you never know who is accessing you network from outside the windows within the access point. No matter how secure you imbibe the wireless network, technology has enabled the hackers to devise more sophisticated means to create a security break in that is hidden from your eye. Hence, we see that there are differences between wired and wireless network security and no(prenominal) of the two types of networks is free from security breaches and threats. References Posey, B. (2005). Have Wireless Networks Surpassed the Security of Wired Networks? WindowsSecurity.com. Retrieved August 19, 2011, from http//www.windowsecurity.com/articles/Wireless-Networks-Surpassed-Security-Wired-Networks.html Wysocki, B.J. (2005). Advanced Wired and Wireless Networks. USA

Industrial Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Industrial Economics - Essay role modelIn fact in many commercialises there exist some dominating trues which play the roles of market leader. These large firms in order to maintain their market share create some obstacles for new firm to enter into the market. (Baldwin, 1995)Barriers to entry into a particular industry have immense potential to diminish or entirely prevent the normal mechanism of that industry in attracting new firms towards it. To negatively affect competitor in an industry along with the welfare of consumers, it is not always necessary for entry barriers to prevent firms from reservation their entry into that industry forever. In fact, very often these barriers can create significant effect on the performance of the market only by retarding the arrival of new entrants into it. It is of course true that consumer will bewilder from monopoly direct pricing for long if entry barriers prevent firms from entering into the market indefinitely, but along with this , it is in any case true that consumers will also suffer if decline in prices from increasing competition is delayed by delayed entry of new firms due to entry barriers. (Geroski, 1995)The first important contribution in the region of discussion on entry barriers was made by Bain (1956). Bain made an attempt to define an entry barrier in terms of its effect on firms meshability. According to Bain if entry barriers exist in an industry whence animate firms will be able to earn profits beyond their normal level without incentive other firms to make an entry into the market. Bain had argued that entry of new firms into an industry is determined by the level of advantages that the existing firm in the industry enjoys over the potential new entrants. He made a equality between established firms profit prior to the entry of potential entrants and post entry profit level of new entrants. According to Bain, there will be an entry barrier if an entrant fails to attain the profit levels that established firms used to enjoy before the arrival of

Case analysis Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 4

Analysis - Case Study ExampleUnder the piazza shuttle curriculum, NASA launched the Challenger and hired Thiokol to supply SRB (SRB). SRB was a give notice system consisting of a combination of both solid and liquid systems. It was cheaper, and NASA found it sustainable, in the long run.A. Economic NASA operated in a hostile sparing environment because it experienced a reduction in budgetary allocation since its inception. Over the years, the government attenuate its budgetary allocation to the organization. For instance, the government reduced its budgetary allocation by 5.1 billion thus forcing NASA to set more or less alternative funding. Additionally, NASA was experiencing high costs of producing its shuttles thus the need to adopt SRB. Fortunately, NASA got the financial support of the U.S. Air Force, and it preserve its operations up to 1986.B. Political NASA was formed by the government and enjoyed the full support of the government during its primordial times. It had the goodwill of the government because the U.S. government was using it to dominate the field of space exploration. Thus, it was a government pick up and its operations were influenced by government policies.C. Technological NASA was operating its rockets using an all-liquid fuel system and was incurring Brobdingnagian costs of operation. Later on, the organization modified its shuttle design to reflect wretched costs. Consequently, NASA adopted the SRB fuel system.Roger Boisjoly worked for Morton Thiokol as an engineer and was objected to the launch of the Challenger because of temperature issues. Morton Thiokol was one of the two organizations that were involved in the shuttle program along with NASA. Roger was against the launch of the Challenger because he believed that there were some unresolved issues about the O-rings technology. According to Roger Boisjoly, a past research study found out that the O-rings were rigid and could not seal at low temperatures. He found out th at the O-rings has Case analysis Study Example Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 actors line - 1Analysis - Case Study ExampleThe company has diversified and integrated product and serve well portfolio that include web search, Google Chrome, Google News, Google Scholar, Google Docs, Google Analytics, Google Apps, Google AdSense, Google Adword, You Tube, Google Maps, and Google Earth (Eldeman & Eisenmann, p 1).The factors that determine the paid listings providers tax incomes include the coverage rate, the average cost per click, the click-through-rate and revenue split (Eldeman & Eisenmann, p 4). Google has an extensive coverage rate and has improved the click-through place through innovation of the keywords. The revenue split is the percentage of revenues paid to network affiliates and ordinary partners receive about 60 percent of revenue share (Eldeman & Eisenmann, p 3). Google now controls approximately 90 percent of the lucre searches and has diversified its operations to other products much(prenominal) as mobile and cloud computing, music and video scattering (Eldeman & Eisenmann, p 8)The corporate strategy of Google is aimed at organizing worlds information in a stylus that makes it more accessible and useful. The company is committed to informing, educating and entertaining the users through diversified products and services. The company is currently attaining issue through vertical integration with suppliers and diversification strategy that has led to addition to new different products to its premix (Daft, 2009).The business strategy of Google is aimed at ensuring consistent technological innovation and sustained acquisitions that will lead to revenue growth and satisfy emerging customer needs (Daft, 2009). The business strategy is geared at growing distinctive competencies and identifying new market niches such as the Google Checkout and Google TV (Google, 2014).Google has deployed several functional strategies such as innovation and use of superior search engine technology,

The Need for Variance Analysis Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Need for Variance Analysis - Term report card ExampleBaker and Baker (2014) define variance as The difference between standard and real prices and quantities (p. 201), and variance analysis as Analysis of these differences (p. 201). Variance analysis underscores or brings attention to deviations from what was initially intended. It is still after deviations have been identified that adequate and effective decisions can be made by the individuals in management positions (Baker and Baker, 2014). According to Berger (2011), lack of conducting a variance analysis may prompt leaders to disregard areas do these deviations and hence fail to make relevant decisions. For variance analysis to be performed, a precedent formulation of standards ought to be conducted, for instance, budgetary targets (Baker and Baker, 2014). This shows that variance analysis drives managers and other leaders to set targets or standards in advance. Decision making goes hand-in-hand with accountability in that individuals overseeing areas proved by the variance analysis to be causing the variations are answerable. in that locationfore, departmental heads are forced to make effective decisions and implement relevant strategies that forces them to operate in spite of appearance the budget (Berger, 2011).In the case study, new procedures for discharging patients have been implemented. A variance analysis conducted after 6 months showed that costs were running 25 percent higher than was expected. After conducting the variance and proving that there is actually a deviation from the budget by 25 percent, the next step would be to identify the rushs of the deviation (Berger, 2011). There are many areas that may cause the deviation, for instance, extended working hours that increase the cost of labor. After identifying the cause of the deviation, then my next step would be to evaluate action plans under implementation to determine their forte and investigate how they can be improved (Be rger, 2011). If the action plans

Cultural Industries and Globalisation Essay Example for Free

ethnical Industries and beingwideization EssayThis essay willing aim to accept my understanding and perception of the ethnic industries, how it developed into the notional industries and how globalisation has impacted this sector through looking specific solelyy at patternd from Sheffield. Originating from the 1940s the Cultural Industries was cognize as The cultural Industry taken from a book written by Adorno and Horkheimer called Dialektik der Aufklarung from the chapter Dialect of Enlightenment. They opinion of the imaginative Industry as art with special, exceptional forms of Human creativity (Hesmondhalgh 2007). By the late mid-sixties the Cultural Industry became comodified and was intertwining with other industries such as film, television and music as these were socially everyday, the cultural Industry was re-named The Cultural Industries. Through new avail industry growth and new labour, the Cultural Industries was dark into The Creative Industries in th e 1990s and is still cognize as this in current society. The originative Industries ar those Industries that are based on individual creativity, skill and talent (DCMS).These creative industries include 13 categories Advertising, architecture, arts and antiques, computer and video games, crafts, design, designer fashion, film, and video, music, performing arts, publishing, software, TV and Radio. From when the cultural/ creative industries were first produced they control achieved bulky industry growth rates for interpreter between 1997 and 2001 the UKs creative industries grew by 8% per annum, with the close popular sector being TV and Radio and around about 122,000 organisations traded in the creative Industries since 1997( Montgomery, J 2007).This service Industry growth is mainly down to Globalisation which is defined as the world becoming much interdependent and coordinated (Moynagh and Worsely, 2008). Globalisation crossties with economic power and consumption fo r mass grocery stores and making them expire global. They do this by customizing growths, making them innovative and unique, and by using sub-contractors hope to get the products kat oncen globally.For example in the fashion industry a designer will create a product that they call for to produce globally to a specific target market, once they absorb created the product they will hire to manufacture the product, ship the product and make it available for a global market to purchase. They will do this by having products made in countries such as Turkey or China as this rule is cheaper and quicker, and have it shipped over to other companies to make it global.Through the virtual innovations such as the meshwork, and communication systems, the product can be marketed globally. Globalisation also involves the global integration of production factors and services. National industries selling afield are increasingly giving way to the organisation of production and distrisolelyion on a global scale, sourcing materials, labour, services etc. across borders with little or no attachment to particular places ( brownish et al 2000). in that location are many Pros and Cons regarding Globalisation, due to its features and tensions.Globalisation features to name a a couple of(prenominal) include aspects such as transportation and distribution getting the goods to the destination from the manufacturers as quick as possible, Growth of Cities Many Cities are moving from rural champaigns to urban areas through the growth of industries and trade, Free trade to al meek companies to trade without governing barriers or trade policy, Multi Nationals Different fieldity companies will be working along side one other in one country and Global Culture the development of standardisation and the idea that everything will excoriation to look ad feel the same.Although this means that buying and selling overseas will become more integrated and connected through agile distribu tion and manufacturing, it also creates problems k directlyn as tensions of globalisation. A few of these tensions are Poverty Globalisation may mean that in poorer countries there are increases in feat shops where poorer people are made to work long hours top help manufacture products to help the fast trade of Globalisation. In poor Asian economies, such as Bangladesh, Vietnam and Cambodia, large numbers of women now have work in garment export factories. Their wages are low by world standards but much higher than they would earn in alternative occupations (Bardhan, P 2006). Economic Growth many traders have fled poorer countries in order to gain more trade in multi-national, urban areas. Oligopoly There will no long-lasting be one current market tell on leader, as everything will be integrated and manufactured the same, causing competition in market brands.Global vs. Local The idea that local economies will be decreasing through products no longer being unique, through the spee d of communication, how fast the brand becomes global. An article by Shah, A 2009 says Following a period of economic boom, a financial extravasateglobal in scopehas now burst. The extent of this problem has been so severe that some of the worlds largest financial institutions have split upd and local manufactures have been bought out by their competition at low prices.This demonstrates the impact that globalization has had on small businesses and how competition between organizations is becoming increasingly tougher. These features and tensions need to be considered in order to gain an understanding of the impacts of Globalisation and the positive and negative points that need to be considered in terms of the struggling economies and inequalities that may occur in parts of the world.Globalisation also works stumble economic, political, social, cultural and environmental aspects and entails better communication through social networking sites, developing relationships through com puter and internet innovations which link people together, and the decline in human contact people are no longer conducting meetings as they can have video conferencing with people on the other side of the world.One example of a globalised cultural Industry in the UK would be The Stonehenge, a World Heritage Site which is known as a place for worship and healing. This tourist attraction sees thousands of visitors pass it every year, visiting from all over the world. The world Heritage sites include The great Barrier Reef, Great Wall of China, Galapagos Islands and many more, their missions include is to labour public awareness of the sites and encourage international cooperation in the conservation of the World heritage sites (unesco. rg). aft(prenominal) looking into globalisation its positive and negative aspects in gaining a deeper understanding of the subject, I can now establish an understanding of how globalisation has impacted Sheffields Cultural Industries and weigh up aff ects it may have had on this industry. The growth of the Cultural Industries meant that in the UK a huge amount of employment was generated, which was extremely beneficial to Sheffield as it meant that 7. 2% of people were working for the creative Industries, this ame at a good time following the collapse of the steel industry after Britain let a failed trip to Japan to buy machinery to cater for the mark industry needs. After a strike from the workers the Steel Industry closed in Sheffield and meant a freeing of 50,000 jobs were incurred. Today in the Sheffield region of South Yorkshire, the Cultural Industries employment rates are above 20% of the average employment, rating above hotels and catering, and below the retail and education industries.It is continuing to expand through the Cultural Industries Quarter located in the city centre which contains BBC Radio Sheffield, Sheffield Hallam University, Perishable Works, and Exchange works. A cite from a BBC News report 2006 show s All very much in keeping with the new Sheffield. The area near the train station has been re-dubbed the cultural quarter, a loose collection of creative and multi-media firms with the Showroom celluloid and Workstation Cultural Industries Business Centre at its heart.The CIQ is a non-profit organisation with a wide ranging powers to support and promote the growth of the cultural industries in Sheffield (CIQ Agency 2006). These establishments are all in short distance from for each one other creating a business community, a range of building sizes, university connectivity and transport links (CIQ Online 2006). Other creative industries around the city include Botanical Gardens, Peace Gardens, Sheffield Museum and art Gallery and the Crucible.One organization that was constituted though the cultural Industries Quarter is the Workstation, a creative Business Centre combined with the Showroom Cinema, an individual picture house exhibit contemporary, classic film, and film from di fferent cultures. It is now an internationally significant cultural centre which hosts annual events and festivals such as The Childrens motion-picture show Festival, Sheffield Adventure Film Festival, Sensoria Festival of Music Film and Celluloid Screams. The Showroom regularly hosts festivals and creative events which give a chance to meet experts from different media, chance on new skills and cultivate new ideas.Globalisation has had huge affects from the Cultural Industries being successful through the finding of the company becoming globally recognised. According to a journal article written by Brown et al 2000, it states that there was a four stage development plan to move the CIQ from being local, regional, national to internationally known by 1) Nurturing local music/ cultural businesses, 2) create a tourist attraction to bring people to Sheffield and 3) Using these points to create a better image of the city.The creative director of the CIQ stresses that We dont urgenc y it to be seen as a Sheffield centre, but a national one. Through working on these plans Sheffields Cultural Industries Quarter have seen visitor numbers up to 500,000 per year which is proven to be a success. Through speaking to the manager of the Showroom in Sheffield, it is clear that through times of the recession and the accredit crunch the independent cinema has to market its events and showings carefully to ensure that the visitors are still attending.As the venues most frequent visitors are older people who tend to have a lot of disposable income, they already have a captive audience. However, to gain awareness they have to capture various other market groups to expand its global awareness for example they can target different ethnic groups and communities through showing different nationality and religious films to attract the certain audience.To conclude, through researching the Cultural Industries and how it has developed through time into the Creative Industries I now have a deeper insight into the background knowledge of the subject and can link it to globalisation and how they have positive and negative affects on one another. From researching Globalisation and the pros and cons it brings to the scrimping, I can now realise that Globalisation can create as much poverty as it can capital, and the affects it has on local businesses, trades, and workers.The Cultural Industries Quarter in Sheffield has impacted from globalisation through the development and infrastructure of its several(a) buildings and content. For example the showroom has attracted audiences internationally as well as regionally through its specific showings at the cinema and it continues to grow by making Sheffield a Music City by building more buildings to help expand the Cultural Industries Quarter. Finally, globalisation has shaped a mass market for the global economy as a whole and has profoundly meant that the cultural Industries are expanding and recognisable.

Biomedical approach Essay Example for Free

Biomedical approach judgeThe Biomedical approach includes the administration of mixed pharmacological agents which buns be expendd to treat various mental disorders. It is usually administered for short durations in combination with psychotherapy. It brings back to normal the various chemical substances that ar present in the brain (neurotransmitters). When the neurotransmitter levels are normal, the effect of psychotherapy would be better. The biomedical approach tail be utilized to treat various psychiatric disorders such as ADHD, OCD, depression, anxiety, etc (MINDD Foundation, 2008).The psychodynamic approach includes various theories that utilize the internal drives and forces that may be present in the someone (some of which may be unconscious), to ensure that the individual can undergo a psychological change and get to better control over some(prenominal) problems. It is effectively utilized in pain management. Psychodynamics is considered to be the interaction of the id, ego and the superego so as to indulge ones needs (which play an important role in the development of the personality). The psychodynamic approach was developed by the pursuit of Sigmund Freud.This approach gives greater consideration to the unconscious motives that affect demeanour, emotions and feelings. The behavior of adults is strongly affected by the puerility motives (Simply Psychology, 2009). The humanistic-existential approach concentrates on the motivations and the needs of the individual and is similar to the psychoanalytical theory. This therapy focuses greater on the free result of the individual rather than on obstructing human nature. This is one of the major differences that are present between humanistic-existential and psychoanalytical approach.It also tends to concentrate greater on answer the problem rather than the problem itself (University of Hawaii, 2008). Cognitive and behavior therapy (CBT) is a type of psychotherapy that involves determining an d sorting out improper thoughts (that may be associated with depression), solving various problems and improving the problem-solving skills, and ensuring that people are able to engage in more enjoyable activities (that can ensure that the individual learns about potentially rewarding activities and performs them in the future) (University of loot, 2006). Reference Simply Psychology (2008).Psychodynamic Approach, Retrieved on May 29, 2009, from Web come out http//www. simplypsychology. pwp. blueyonder. co. uk/psychodynamic. html The MINDD Foundation (2008). The Biomedical Approach, Retrieved on May 29, 2009, from Web site http//mindd. org/s/archives. php/48-Biomedical-Treatments. html The University of Hawaii (2008). The Biological Paradigm, Retrieved on May 29, 2009, from Web site http//www2. hawaii. edu/heiby/overheads_%20paradigms. html University of Michigan Depression Center (2006). Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Retrieved on May 29, 2009, from Web site http//www. med. umich. edu/depression/cbt. htm

“Everybody knows what religion is, and so, we do not need to define it.” Essay Example for Free

Everybody knows what devotion is, and so, we do non need to doctor it. EssayThe study of trust may be as old as hu gaykind itself according to one author. Defining piety is difficult as there are galore(postnominal) definitions as there are many authors. The word religion is the most difficult to secure because of the need of a universally accepted definition. Specifically the root meaning of the word religion can be traced to Latin. Relegare or religion means to bind oneself, emanating from the Latin religio, which is translated to re-read emphasising tradition passing from generation to generation. Douglas Davies says some take up simply described religion as a whim in spiritual beings. (10).In the defy The area Religion there is a suggestion of approaches for tackling the question of religion such(prenominal)(prenominal) as think it anthropologically, sociologically, through history, in a apprenticely way, theologically and by reductionism. In this paper I pro vide try and assess the definition of religion from aforementioned views and identify the problems of defining religion.James Cox states that in their introductory textbook on religion the American scholars planetary house, Pilgrim and Cavanagh identify four characteristic problems with traditional definitions of religion these are vagueness, finalizeness, compartmentasation and blemish (9). The authors argue that vagueness means there are so many definitions that they do not distinguish the matter of religion from some other athletic fields of study. Tilichs defines religion as ultimate interrelate or a simple idea of religion meaning living a good manners (9).Living a good life is subjugateive to an individual since the concerns and values we squander are influenced by culture and the community that we live in. The definition of religion may also be viewed as narrow by means of compensating for the vagueness. In most cases the study of religion is fixated on a certain fie ld or line of thought. residency, Pilgrim and Cavanagh use Thomas Aquinas claim that religion denotes a relationship with a God, thereby excluding non-atheistic or polytheistic forms of religion (Cox 9). Most definitions are narrowed down to religious beliefs such as Christianity among other world religions. In narrowing down the definition of religion it excludesother religions such as African Traditional Religions.Due to the fact that African religions lack most characteristics needed of World religions they are excluded from being religion. Atheism is a growing phenomena in the world that does not believe in a God, which I feel have its own belief system. Many definitions focus too narrowly on only a few aspects of religion they tend to exclude those religions that do not look into well. It is apparent that religion can be seen as a theological, philosophical, anthropological, sociological, and psychological phenomenon of tender-hearted kind.To limit religion to only one of th ese categories is to miss its multifaceted nature and lose out on the complete definition. The alike(p) authors by way of compartmentalisation explain religion in terms of just one single, limited aspect of human life. This compartmentalisation reduces religion to one part of human life and ignores its relevance to the nub of human cosmea. They also argue against Schleiermachers definition of religion as a feeling of absolute addiction which might reduce religion to a mere psychological condition, (Cox 9).By compartmentalisation you are pickings the part of the whole to be the whole, thereby reducing religion to one aspect of human existence ignoring the totality of existence. Religion is not just a feeling simply encompasses the totality of existence in a human being his beliefs, culture and language. Religious or religion is not static merely impulsive from one generation to another and they are ever developing in accordance with condemnation and nature. Religion is not o nly a compartment in life of a human being nevertheless a totality, a large elephant it is huge and complex.Most definitions of religion may be viewed as prejudice because they are evaluative in process which cannot present an objective picture of what religion actually is. The comparable scholars argue giving the example of Karl Max that religion is the opium of the people which is clearly biased (Cox 9). A scholar by the name of Barnhart criticizes traditional definitions of religion identifying in them five issues in prejudice belief in supernatural, evaluative definitions, diluted definitions, expanded definitions and true religion. In his argument, Barnhart denies that religions must not hold a belief in God or supernatural beings to qualify as religions. He believes that such definitions restrict the subject matter of religion and thus are too soap, (Cox 9).In the same argument he concurs with Hall and company call on narrowness of definition of religion.In the same view di sagrees with E.B Tylor religion consists of beliefs in spiritual beings as too narrow. In asserting that religion definitions are evaluative in nature, Barnhart concurs with Hall that these definitions are prejudiced. He argues against Marx and Freud saying the ultimate concern is itself an evaluative concept imposed on religion from the perspective of Western philosophy.Citing Clarkes statement that religion is the life of God in the soul of man tells us nothing about either God or the soul thereby diluting the definition and affirming other scholars view that religions definition is vagueness. Compartmentalisation of the definition of religion can also be likened to what Barnhart calls expanded definitions. He argues against Russell who tries to expand the definition of religion so far as to make it reckon an effort to seek comfort in a terrifying world. The argument follows that by trying to define religion as a way of expanding a list of what comprises religion to accommodate o ne compartment of human existence it has an opposite effect of diluting the definition rather than searching for consolation, (Cox 10).Lastly Barnhart finds a problem in defining all religions in terms of one religion which by definition claims itself to be true. He gives the example of Religion is belief in Jesus or there is no God still Allah and Muhammad is his prophet. This clearly categorises the definition of religion are subjective (Cox 10). The example also clearly shows how exclusive some definitions of religion are and proves the earlier mentioned problem of prejudice against one belief system or being traditionally fixated on belief systems of faith. The problem of plurality according to Roger Schmidt religion is difficult to define because it is a collective term applied to a wide range of phenomena. The phenomena include beliefs and practices that all religions have in common.Closely related to plurality is the problem of culture as religion and culture are closely lin ked. Religion is a child of culture, which is a result of religion being found in a certain contextual culture, therefore, difficult to define religion in all cultures. Religion itself is dynamic the Buddhism of a hundred years ago is not the same today. This shows that religion is not static but dynamic.

Computer Security Risk for Home Users Essay Example for Free

Computer Security Risk for abode Users EssayThis memoir of information processing systems started long before it emerges in the 20th century. Computer was a man made device that acts as string from mechanical inventions and mathematical theories towards the modern concepts and machines formed a major academic ground and the radical that became a worldwide phenomenon.It is true that any great invention that is created to solve human lives exit forever have its negative side that will serve as a prey to embellish and pay back catastrophic impact in a perfect device. As computing machine became to replace human brains, barter partners, our media devices, our financial advisors, connection to the world and information processing system has likewise became our number one security threat.According to the single out textbook, A computer security assay is any even upt or action that could cause a loss of damage to computer hardw be, software, data, information, or processi ng capability. (Vermaat, 2010) some(a) of these security take chancess have caused users millions of dollars due to individualism stealth and at the same time computer has helped law enforcement agent captured convicted felons.Computer Security risk trick be classified into two main categories which are computer crimes and cybercrimes. Computer crime involves wittingly interfering with computer security which involves a deliberate act against the law and cyber crime is defined as Traditionally, crime has been defined as an intentional violation of the legal code that is punishable by the distinguish. (Vermaat, 2010) Cybercrime has become a serious crime and the FBI as include this into their top three priorities. The perpetrator of cybercrime and computer crimes has fall into seven basic categories which are hacker, cracker, Script Kiddie, corporate spy, unethical employee, cyber extortionist, and cyber terrorist. Home users are in the main exposed to security threats today be cause they do not have the financial means to value themselves and also denture users think their level of vulnerability is small.While the risks to standard home computer users are not as catastrophic in cost as those of small businesses and home office computer users, they are still substantial enough to not ignore. The cost in lost data, missed electronic mails, and possibly the theft of your identity all are significant enough to warrant consideration. (EITS, 2008) It is better to spend few dollars instantaneously to take proactive measures to protect your computer and its information will out weight the time it will take to recover from the losses you likely will suffer without an adequate protection. There are some(prenominal) typical technical issues and risks involving computer networks and computer users. One of which is a commonly used term called computer virus.A computer virus is potentially negative and damaging computer computer programs that affects or spoil a computer negatively by altering the way the computer works without the users knowledge or permission. Once the virus spoils the computer, it can spread throughout the computer and damage authorised programs and folders in the operating system. An another(prenominal) computer threat for home users is a worm. The book defines a worm as a program that copies itself repeatedly, for example in memory of on the network, using up resources and possibly shutting down the computer or network.The third computer threat for home users is a fifth column horse this type of attack is derived and named after the Greek myth and its define as a program that hides within or look like a legitimate program. A legitimate condition or action usually triggers the Trojan horse. Unlike a virus or worm, Trojan horse does not replicate itself to other computers. (Vermaat, 2010) The last known computer or network risk for home users is rootkit define as a program that hides in a computer and allows someone from a remote location to take full control of the computer. Once the rootkit is installed author can execute programs, smorgasbord setting, monitor activity and access files on the remote computer. (Vermaat, 2010) How to safeguard against Computer viruses and other MalwareHome users can take several precautions to help prevent intruders into their personal home computers and mobile devices from malicious infections. These programs can help mark problem that might affect home computers before they occur. Install a choice antivirus application such as, AVG, McAfee, Norton, and Avira antivirus programs are sufficient enough to protect a computer against virus and spyware infections. Some of these antivirus programs are provided for free, however whitethorn not be sufficient enough to protect a computer from virus and spyware infections Pro-grade antivirus programs update more frequently throughout the day thereby providing well timed(p) protection against fast-emerging vulnerabili ties, protect against a wider range of threats such as rootkits, and enable additional protective features such as system scans. Install real-time anti-spyware protection is a way to have a real time program on a computer that will help protect against the skyrocketing number of spyware threats on a timely manner.Free antivirus program do not provide a real-time protection against Trojan and other spyware and that is why a fully paid antivirus protection is recommended. This fully paid program can detect problems before it occurs. Keeping anti-malware applications occurrent is another way to protect a computer against viruses or malware. Antivirus and anti-spyware programs implore regular signature and database updates. Without these critical updates, anti-malware programs are unable to protect PCs from the latest threats. In early 2009, antivirus supplier AVG released statistics revealing that a lot of serious computer threats are secretive and fast-moving. Many of these infect ions are short-lived, further theyre estimated to infect as many as 100,000 to 300,000 untested Web sites a day.Computer users essential keep their antivirus and anti-spyware applications up to date. All Windows users must take measures to prevent license expiration, thereby ensuring that their anti-malware programs stay current and continue providing protection against the most recent threats. Those threats now spread with alarming speed, thanks to the popularity of such well-disposed media sites as Twitter, Facebook, and My Space (Eckel, 2009) Once an antivirus has been installed on a device it is crucial to perform a casual scans. This can be programmed directly by the owner to either perform a scan on a hourly bases, daily or monthly bases. The sheer number and volume of potential and new threats make it inevitable that particularly inventive infections will outsmart security software. In other cases, users may inadvertently instruct anti-malware software to allow a virus or spyware program to run. (Eckel, 2009)Dont retick on email links or attachments its a tune most either Windows user has heard repeatedly If an email link looks fishy, most likely it is, dont click it. Antivirus software will trigger a warning sign if a link appears to be unplayful to a computer system. Sometimes a distracted, trustful of friends or colleagues they know, or simply fooled by a crafty email message, many users forget to be wary of links and attachments included within email messages, regardless of the source. Simply clicking on an email link or attachment can, within minutes, corrupt Windows, infect other machines, and destroy critical data. Users should never click on email attachments without at least counterbalance scanning them for viruses using a business-class anti-malware application.As for clicking on links, users should access Web sites by opening a browser and manually navigating to the sites in question. (Eckel, 2009) The quote that says protection is be tter than cure makes perfect sense even in the computer work. The only way to protect a computer is by playing it safe. endow a little after a purchase of a PC by buying a powerful antivirus protection to protect the PC from intruders. It is also very important to be very lively of the type of programs you download or upload into the system. One of the advantages of having that extra protection for a PC is the motorcar scan option thats offered by the antivirus program. The software will automatically scan all the files or virus that might cause a negative impact on the computer.BibliographyEckel, E. (2009, June 19). 10 ways to exclude viruses and spyware. Retrieved November 6, 2012, from A ZDNet Web Site www.techrepublic.com EITS. (2008). Retrieved November 6, 2012, from entsols www.entsols.com Finnie, T., Petee, T., Javis, J. (2010, September 22). Future Challenges of Cybercrime. Volume 5 Proceedings of the Futures Working conclave , pp. 5-7. Vermaat, G. B. (2010). Discoveri ng Computers Microsoft Office 2010. Boston Course Technology Cengage Brain.

Why Cell Phones Should Be Allowed in Schools Essay Example for Free

Why Cell Phones Should Be Allowed in Schools EssayCellular devices should be allowed to remain on during class time. The primary reason is if a student has an unexpected family emergency, their parent, or guardian should be capable of contacting them. In addition, some students must be able to get a oblige of their parents, or friends that drive them home to confirm that they still consume a ride, or if sudden adjustments with rides occur. If the students are not allowed to keep their cell phones on and something terribly sobering takes place at home, or various other places with family members or friends, the school may perhaps be held responsible for the student not knowing. Cell phones should unquestionably be allowed to stay on in class.Students hold the right to keep their cellular phones on for the entire period of class time. The students are come on sufficiency to uphold their rights as human beings. You take our cell phone liberties away, what other freedoms will st rip from us? As Ameri toilet citizens we must come together and protest for our cell phone rights. It is our right and reign to have our cell phones on in class.It is extremely wrong that our school and district requests that we the students be mature adults, although they will not permit us to make the decision if we should be on our cell phones or not. I recognize that numerous students are not grown-up enough to attain having the right to use or cell phones in class. However, that is why we include consequences. There is no equality in confiscating the rights away from those who can handle being a responsible adult because of the few who cannot. The majority of the students can identify when it is an congenial time to utilize their mobile phones.Works Cited1. http//findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3617/is_200402/ai_n9408441

Aristotle vs Platonist Essay Example for Free

Aristotle vs Platonist EssayAristotle and Plato were two men with different theories. Although they had some aspects in common, each had their understandings and meanings. hither I will explain what were their persuasions and how these philosophers interpreted each word with its true value. Also with the information, I will try to undercover the meaning of why people apply to say people were born every as a Platonist or as a Aristotelian. Between these two philosophers their were differences of char turn of eventser, temperament, background, and mental attitude. Their philosophic belief on the other hand was similar in words but not in action. allow us see why and what am I referring to (Grube). Also, let us choose if we are a Aristotelian or a Platonist and why they say people were born this or that. Virtue is a word that both used to use in their philosophic belief, but, as I said before, the actions were different. To set about with, Aristotles used to describe this word t o a action that they mystify might not even have had the opportunity to chose themselves when they were young. In the norms, help by teachers, parents, and even the government the development of proper habits was to be do from each persons childhood.This would eventually lead to a better community and for that, better and educated environment. Not only would an adult with this sense of virtue like this be wise to use courage, friendship, justice and other characteristics unquestionable during childhood in a proper way but that is what is required to be good and act when adults. The help is what makes you better when educated young in childhood (Wiki). As mentioned before, Aristotle has different theories than Plato. He suggests that the forms kitty be discovered through a examination of the world being natural.Now, Plato believes that forms are farther than what existence can understand, it is way beyond. What Platonist ethics is all about is the Form of the Good. For him, vir tue is knowledge. The soul, being divided in three parts, which are spirit, reason, and appetite have their share. Then, we have three virtues which are wisdom, moderation, and courage. What makes all of those be together and united is the virtue of justice. This makes the function be the perfection by each part of the soul is performed. pragmatism is identified by the persons soul and describes idea prior to matter unlike Aristotelianism (Wiki).To my conclusion, looking at both Aristotelian and Platonist I agree with Platonist belief. While Aristotelian believes that virtue comes through this world as we see it, Plato goes beyond and knows that it is way beyond the eyes of the humans. I think that each person is up-brought differently and for that I believe that all humans have different point of views. My view is Platonist. I am a person that believes and does not have to see it with my own eyes. I do think its grievous to be educated from childhood but I believe in second cha nces.Everyone can flip-flop and it does not matter if it will be only when you are an adult. Virtue is something that can be used in all phases o life. That is my conclusion on why I was born as a Platonist and not as a Aritotelian. Work Cited Aristotelian Ethics. Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Wikimedia Inc, 2 Nov. 2010. Web. 24 Nov. 2010. . Grube, G. M. A. Platonist and Aristotelian. Pheonix. Classical association of Canada, 1947. Web. 24 Nov. 2010. . Platonism. Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Wikimedia Inc. , 12 Nov. 2010. Web. 24 Nov. 2010. .

Race and Ethnicity Essay Example for Free

Race and Ethnicity EssayPlease show how requisition shaped the lives of African Americans during the time frame 1870-1920. Please examine each faucet of society under slavery to accompaniment your argument. In the year of 1870, it was the re invention of slavery. America could not be built without economic. The mho was lock in a negative place and they failed to accept fatefulnesss. After decades of discrimination, the voting rights act of 1965 aimed to overcome legal barriers at the evidence and local levels that denied blacks to vote under the 15th am interceptment. The 15th amendment in 1870 gave African Americans the right to vote.The entire amendment passed afterwards the civil war that it guaranteed blacks the right to vote. It affected not only freed slaves in the confederation save the blacks that were living in the north who was not allowed to vote(3). The amendment was favored by the Republican Party since the votes of the slaves helped the party dominates field politics in the years after the war. During the same year, Hiram Rhodes Revels, who was a republican from Mississippi, became the first African American to mold in the unify States congress when he was elected to the United States Senate.Millions of black men served in congress during reconstruction but more than 600 served in the states legislatures and galore(postnominal) more held local offices(3). The Jim Crow laws were the age of struggle. The state and local laws in the United States enacted between 1876 and 1965. In 1890, there was a separate but equal status for African Americans. Jim Crow laws followed the Black codes which restricted the civil rights and civil liberties of African Americans with no equality. During the reconstruction period, the federal official law provided civil rights protection in the United States for the African Americans who had formally been slaves(1).In 1890, lah required by law that blacks ride in separate railroad cars. The state o f Louisiana passed a law that required separate accommodations for black and sportys on railroads, including separate railway cars. Plessy attempted to sit in an all-white railroad car. After refusing to sit in the black railway carriage car, Plessy was arrested for violating in1890. Louisiana economy that provided for segregated separate but equal railroad accommodations. Those using facilities not designated for their race were criminally nonimmune under the statute(4).Plessy was found guilty on the grounds that the law was a reasonable exercise of the states police powers based upon custom, usage, and tradition in the state. Plessy filed a petition in the Supreme judicatory of Louisiana against Ferguson, asserting that segregation stigmatized blacks and stamped them with a badge of inferiority in violation of the Thirteenth and ordinal amendments(4). The case of Plessy vs. Ferguson was one of a combination of rulings passed by the U. S and the state Supreme Courts after reco nstruction. some(prenominal) of these decisions allowed and required Jim Crow segregation laws in southern states. At the highest level, the case was decided on may 18th in 1896, in favor of Ferguson and the state of Louisiana. The Supreme Court had given southern states all the permission they needed to let any remaining equality between the races fade away and be replaced by the Jim Crow laws standing(5). By the 1870s, many southern whites had resorted to intimidation and military group to keep blacks from voting and sophisticate white supremacy in the region.Beginning in 1873, a series of Supreme Court decisions limit the scope of Reconstruction-era laws and federal support for the Reconstruction Amendments, particularly the 14th and 15th, which gave African Americans the status of citizenship and protection. The Compromise of 1877 occurred after the Presidential Election of 1876, when Congress organise the electoral Commission to resolve disputed Democratic Electoral votes from the South. The republicans agreed to enact Federal legislation that would spur industrialization in the south. They agreed to withdraw federal soldiers from their remaining positions in the south(5).They did this to appoint democrats to positions in the south and to appoint a democrat to the presidents cabinet. The Compromise of 1877 effectively ended the Reconstruction era. The Southern Democrats promised to protect but the political rights of blacks were not kept. The end of federal interference in southern affairs led to wide break up disenfranchisement of blacks voters(4). From the late 1870s, southern legislatures passed a series of laws requiring the separation of whites from persons of color on public transportation, in schools, parks, restaurants, theaters and other locations.These segregationist statutes governed life in the South through the substance of the next century, ending after the success of the civil rights nominal head in the 1960s. The migration was a wat ershed in the history of African Americans. It lessened their overwhelming concentration in the South, subject up industrial jobs to people who had up to then been aroundly farmers, and gave the first significant impetus to their urbanization. The black migration began in the 1890s as African Americans left hand for cities such as Chicago, Detroit, Cleveland, Philadelphia, and New York(8).The single largest thrust of African Americans occurred during World War I, when people moved from sylvan areas and small towns in the South to cities in the North and the East. Even in the North, blacks encountered violence at the hands of whites, who resented competition for jobs and black economic success. Segregation and discrimination in housing, education, and jobs was pervasive in the North as well. From 1916, more than six million blacks left the South for other regions of the United States.Over the next fifteen years, more than one tenth of the countrys black universe would voluntaril y move north. The Great Migration lasted until 1930. This was the first step in the full nationalization of the African American population(2). The Klu Klux Klan is the oldest organization. During this time 1920s, there were still 85 percent of African Americans in the south. The Klan was constituted in 1871 by the Democratic Party to prevent African Americans from voting the 15th Amendment. The Klan also became Americans 1st terrorist group and became an institutional part of American life and political colt.African Americans were intimidated and had fear towards the KKK. They hated blacks, republicans, Jews, etc(6). In the 1920s, many blacks had been brought to the south against their own will after the success of the northern states during the Civil War. Also, after the freeing of the blacks from slavery in 1865, a group was established which was designed to spread fear throughout the black population that still lived in the southern states. Most of the hatred was directed again st the poor black families in the south who were very vulnerable to attack(6).The white hooded KKK burnt churches of the black population, murdered, raped, castrated etc. They were rarely caught as most senior law officers in the South were high ranking KKK men. White people who were in stir with any blacks had a reason to fear the KKK because they would be after them as well for being what they called nigra lovers(6). The Black Americans tried to fight back using non-violent methods. The NAACP asked Washington for impudent laws to help combat the KKK violence but received very little help.In the 1920s Black Americans started to turn to the Back to Africa movement which told blacks that they should return to their native America. This was started by Marcus Garvey but the whole movement faltered when he was arrested for fraud and sent to prison. If African Americans were to move back to Africa, they would be giving the white America exactly what they asked for(6). African American s drew to church. deviation to church brought everyone closer to God despite everything that was going on in the 1920s. In 1865, blacks started to create individual black churches.The African Methodist Episcopal and the African Methodist Episcopal Zion churches claimed southern membership in the hundreds of thousands, far outstripping that of any other organizations. They were quickly joined in 1870 by a new southern-based denomination, the color (Christian) Methodist Episcopal Church. The church was founded by indigenous southern black leaders. Finally, in 1894 black Baptists formed the National Baptist Convention which was an organization that is the largest black religious organization still today in the United States(8).The blossoming of the Harlem Renaissance was during 1918 through 1937. Harlem is located just north of Central Park. Harlem formally was a white residential district but by the early 1920s, it was the becoming of a virtually black city. Harlem was a catalyst f or fastidious experimentation and a nightly popular nightlife destination. This was also an economic opportunity in New York(8). The Harlem Renaissance was a phase of a larger new Negro movement that emerged in the early 20th century. The movement raised issues affecting the lives of African Americans through various forms of literature, art, and drama.Its influence spread throughout the nation and beyond that included writers and philosophers. Between the 1920s and 1930s, about 750,000 African Americans left the south and migrated to the north to take advantage of this movement. The Harlem Renaissance appealed to a mixture audience. The literature appealed to the African American middle class and to whites. Many critics point out that the Harlem Renaissance could not escape its history and culture. Its attempt to create a new one separates from the foundational elements of White, European culture.Social foundations of this movement included the great migration of African Americans from rural to urban areas(8). The Harlem Renaissance was exposure to the African American Art and culture. It is also unusual among literary and artistic movements for its close relationship to civil rights. The Harlem renaissance set the stage for the civil rights movement of the 1950s and the 60s. This was very much black culture exposure. The African American artists intended to express themselves freely, no issue what the black public or white public thought.Since the 1980s, New Orleans has been the area for a new school of deal players, among them trumpeter Wynton Marsalis and his brothers, saxophonist Branford Marsalis and trombonist Delfeayo Marsalis. New Orleans has brought widespread attention to write out and a new appreciation of the city and its jazz tradition(7). In the 1890s it was the beginning of the Mississippi Delta Blues. The vapors is the generation of American Music. By the 1900s New Orleans Jazz was introduced. Jazz was first primarily accepted in France b efore anywhere else. Jazz was played by whites and blacks. Both races played jazz in concert.Jazz was for the middle class African American people(7). In conclusion, during the years of 1870 and 1920, African Americans still encountered a lot of continued discrimination against blacks in American and the separation of race. Through the Jim Crow laws and the segregation, Blacks kept it together through religion, and even music. When looking back at our history, African Americans had a great deal to do with the shaping of America today. Bibliography 1) Jim Crow Law (United States 1877-1954). Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n. d. Web. 09 may 2013. 2) Primary Documents in American History. 15th Amendment to the Constitution Primary Documents of American History (Virtual Programs Services, Library of Congress). N. p. , n. d. Web. 09 may 2013. 3) Fifteenth Amendment. History. com. AE Television Networks, n. d. Web. 09 May 2013. 4) Compromise of 1877. History . com. AE Television Networks, n. d. Web. 09 May 2013. 5) Compromise of 1877. Information about The. N. p. , n. d. Web. 09 May 2013. 6) The KKK and Racial Problems. The KKK and Racial Problems. N. p. , n. d. Web. 09 May 2013. 7) A History of Jazz Music. A History of Jazz Music. N. p. , n. d. Web. 09 May 2013. 8) Notes.

Private or public Essay Example for Free

Private or public EssayMost parents hope their children to gain intermit knowledge because knowledge is the most vital thing for children to live through in the future. To gain better knowledge, the most right thing is to choose an appropriate shallow. Parents struggle with it because it is relatively toilsome to choose an appropriate teach for their children. They consider choosing either cliquish school or public school. in that respect are many differences among public and private schools. The purpose of this essay is to differentiate teachers, studying considerations and study of private and public schools. The first difference between private and public school is teachers. Teachers of private school are better improve than teachers of public schools. Because private school employers try to hire well educated teachers who befuddle not only take a crap a bachelors degree but excessively have a graduate degree.The quality of education is the most important one. M oreover, private school teachers have to have well communication skills and ability to teach well. In contrast, public schools dont caveat much of their teachers. Any teacher who has a bachelors degree can teach in public school. The second difference between private and public school is studying conditions. Studying condition in private school is less noisy than that in public school. Because, private school have less number of students and teachers as compared to the public schools. In addition, studying rooms are more comfy than that in public schools. Moreover, studying rooms in public schools are known to be worsened than in private schools with buildings, libraries and furniture.Many prestigious private schools provide new books to their students which make students more probably to study. On the contrary, most books which are provided from public schools are old. For this reason, students motivation to study decreases. The third difference between private and public school is instruction. Most private schools charge tuitions. Most of the private schools hold an detail for parents. These activities are dedicated for parents to have stable communication between teachers and parents.In conclusion, parents choose private schools because it is better than public schools. I graduated from private school but, I had studied public school too. So, I know the differences and identifications of private and public schools. The reason why I choose private school is, I studied better in private school than in public school. There were many advantages that I found in a private school which were the studying condition was better in private school and teachers were highly qualified than that in public school. It is much better to choose private school because private school can educate student better than public school. Despite, private school charges tuition while it can give students much more education than public school. The more you pay, the more you take.

The Prosecutors by Gary Delsohn Essay Example for Free

The Prosecutors by Gary Delsohn hearThe Prosecutors by Gary Delsohn, depicts American justice at its best and worst, It reveals the secrets of the current legal system with information that argon more awful and literalistic than any small screen show or any thriller.The Prosecutors gives an shrewdness into the real-life lawful dramas that are seen daily in our courtrooms. It informs, alerts, amuses, and even makes us angry at quantifys more or less the miscarriages of justice, but eventually shows in harsh detail the particulars that go into the influenceing of our legal system. Gary Delsohn, was for the first time allowed access to spend a year in a metropolitan prosecutors office. The author presents a winning secret look at how Americas more overstrained legal system really operates. Perceived by sewer OMara, a hard-hitting, cynical homicide chief, and Jan Scully, a proficient District Attorney, The Prosecutors, illustrates these committed civic servants at work.The e n courtships that these two masses come across in this one-year are unforgettable, a simple robbery that goes bad breaks trim back a family forever, an acclaimed doctor is charged for the murder of his own daughter. A twenty-five-year-old bitter encase blows up and brings ugly pressure and inquiry to the D.A.s office, which involves Patty Hearst and the SLA (Symbionese Liberation Army). A top-ranking state prosecutors son faces a possible death sentence for abduct, rape, and slaughter. The most intriguing cases of all these were definitely the 1975 robbery and murder case at the Sacramento-area savings bank. Its this SLA bank robbery case that clearly stands out in The Prosecutors, and understandably so. For to the highest degree twenty-five years, the family of the victim, a 42-year-old mother of four children, who was dismissed at and killed during the robbery, had tried hard to bring the killers to justice, the family members had eer suspected the killers to be associates of some puzzled terrorists who abducted the newspaper heiress Patty Hearst in 1974.But Myrna Opsahls family members never got any respite from the case, because the office of the district lawyer couldnt get adequate substantiation to try the case, even after Hearsts 1982 journal revealed, what had actually taken place at the Crocker matter Bank in April 1975. For the Sacramento County Sheriffs Department and the Sacramento district attorneys office, the Carmichael bank robbery is one of those hideous failures that just wont seem to go away, (Gary Delsohn). For John OMara, the homicide chief in the district attorneys office, the case is terrifying, with no proper proof and unsatiated family members of the victim, particularly one of Myrna Opshals sons, Jon Opsahl. He wouldnt let the case pass on and often disapprove of the Sacramento prosecutors for messing up the case.OMara is one of the important and most vibrant character reference in the book, although in the beginning the b ook port rays him as a visualize of a graying prosecutor. But Delsohn supports his portrayal of OMara, presenting why a psyche with so much familiarity was so apprehensive of taking the SLA robbery case. In the end, its Delsohns access to the district attorneys office, which gives us much information about this case and how the law operated during that time.Taking the case of the boodle Store trial, a failed theft that twisted into a murder when the accused, Rick Brewer, an ex-convict who had formerly stalled the same setting, fired from a shotgun into the stores manager Jason Frost, after finding out that the whole mensuration from the days proceeds had been put down in a floor safe. The Bread Store case is symbolic of the vulnerabilities that prosecutors must go through when they take the trial of murders anywhere in the country, considering this lawbreaking murder where the person who drives the car in which the accused escapes is as guilty as the person who committed the cr ime.Taking the case of Nikolay Soltys, the security guard who was an immigrant from Ukraine who stabbed six of his relatives to death, which included his three-year-old son and pregnant wife. Prosecutors had a tough time when Nikolay killed himself to suspend trial.An average day in a city District Attorneys office is tough, where work can take its toll on the mess who do it. Most of the cases coming into the DAs office are slaughter children inflicted to child abuse, rape, robberies, drug deals, and fake currency rackets. It is a never-ending branch of new crimes coming in day to day.This type of work cannot even be taken internal and shared with your family. The prosecutors think about crimes, while sitting, standing, eating and drinking, these people are not even spared during their lunchtime, move on shocking snaps of the crime scene. A prosecutors job is a tough chicken feed to crack, as their relationship with they families get soured, because of their spending long hour s in the office almost on a daily basis.During the course of his stay at District Attorneys office, Delsohn reminds us that trials have proceed very rare these days. More than eighty five percent of the 36,000 crimes and misbehaviors charged every year by the Sacramento DAs office ended up with a plea agreement before the trial, as settlement.In the DAs office at Sacramento, it mostly differs depending on who the in charge people are, but sometimes there is a strong and rarely insignificant competition between the sheriff, the FBI, the local anaesthetic patrol and the district attorneys office. But comparing the state attorney general and U.S. Attorneys office, the enmities and self-esteem battles can be unpredictable. Particularly the district attorneys office should do proper investigation before impulsively accepting what the police and feds say, about who should be detained and charged. Prosecutors have to keep the police under control to see that the case is prosecutable and concrete. good-for-nothing things can happed if prosecutors lose their independence and doubts.Gary Delsohn feels that the most important part of being an insider in the DAs office for a year was that, he had the advantage of seeing the prosecutors working procedures in a dash that the media and an average outsider could not. The District Attorneys office has been a witness to innumerable serious stories over the years, but theres hardly anything to compare with the moving release that comes after a long, stress alter murder trial, when the murder victims family finally speaks. The DAs office is always sing with people, people who are related to horrible crimes, people who are innocent, but mistakenly accused of crimes, real criminals and their families etc.Works CitedGary Delsohn, Inside the DAs Office, Jurist, 22 February 2007.http//jurist.law.pitt.edu/forum/forumnew126.php.Critic Reviews, Redding Book Club, 22 February 2007.http//bookclub.redding.com/reviews.cfm.The Prosecut or, Traveling Sounds.com, 22 February 2007.http//www.travelingsounds.com/Title.aspx?titleId=3212.Court tales make an arresting read, Rocky Mountain News, 22 February 2007.http//www.rockymountainnews.com/drmn/books/article/0,1299,DRMN_63_2164233,00.html.